客家聚落之空間性及其生活世界的建構 —以苗栗公館石圍墻庄為例

The Structure of Everyday Lifeworld and Spatiality of a Hakka Settlement —by the Example of the Shih-Wei-Chiang Village , Kung-Kuan , Miao-Li—

劉懿瑾(Yi-Ching Liu)

指導教授 ： 陳其澎

中原大學/設計學院/室內設計研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300632

摘要

摘要

石圍墻庄為一客家地方聚落，本文係以苗栗公館石圍墻庄為標的，透過人、活動、意義、空間的關聯性與場所之間的互動來探討石圍墻庄客家聚落之空間性與其生活世界的建構。石圍墻庄的墾拓與發展與其建庄設隘有關，而聚落對於文化群體而言，是具有獨特意義之居存空間，此居存空間包含了各種不同尺度的「場所」，每一個「場所」，都是文化群體透過種種人文地理現象賦予其意義和價值形塑而成。經由「中心—四方」﹙環﹚的空間形式概念為基礎，發展出當地聚落至家宅的空間性。進而探討其神聖空間之象徵界域所帶來內—外、異—同、聖—俗、自然—人文、形上—形下、安全—危險、熟悉—陌生等雙重對立的領域。使庄頭的庄民能感受到實存內在性，而展現於文化地景所外顯的符號象徵或內蘊的生活方式中。透過對歷史以及個人生命歷程的回溯，經驗不同時代不同體制的集體記憶，說明地點如何形成有意義的場所。石圍墻庄地方構成，是歷史性的人文活動將自然空間轉變而來，欲描述一自然空間，如何轉變為一個凝積歷史意義之人存在之地，依其「生活世界」所形塑而成的人文地理區域。透過文化地景對石圍墻的地方特徵來詮釋石圍墻客家地方生活世界的建構，而庄民生活於層層交疊的存在空間中，以具體的生活經驗去詮釋空間，使其成為一個充滿意義的地方，讓石圍墻空間有動人的意義序列，讓庄民有根植心中對場所深刻的認同與依戀。

關鍵字

聚落 ； 場所 ； 集體記憶 ； 文化地景 ； 生活世界

並列摘要

Abstract

The Shih-Wei-Chiang Village is local Hakka settlement. This research will be based on the Shih-Wei-Chiang Village in Kung-Kuan, Miao-Li. The spatiality and lifeworld construction of the Shih-Wei-Chiang Village as a Hakka settlement are discussed through the relationship among people, activities, meanings, space and the interaction with places. The opening-up and development of the Shih-Wei-Chiang Village are concerned with the building of the village and the setting of its narrow pass. As to the cultural congregation, the village is a special dwelling space, in which various volumes of places are included with unique sense of meanings. Each place is given its unique meanings and value and formed by different cultural congregation through various phenomena of human geography. On the basis of the center-around (circle) spatial formation, the spatiality from the local village to the commoners’ houses is developed. The regions of dual opposition such as internal-external, different-similar, sacred-mundane, natural- human, metaphysical-concrete, safe-dangerous, familiar-strange are brought into the symbolic limitation of the sacred landscape and will be further discussed. The village people can feel the internal existence in its external symbols or inclusive lifestyle of their cultural landscape. Dating back to the procedure of history and individual life, collective memory within different periods of time and different systems is experienced to explain how a location could be changed into a meaningful place. The formation of the Shih-Wei-Chiang Village is transformed from the natural space into historically human activities and how a natural space transfers into a place to gather historical meanings for people is described according to the human geography formed by their lifeworld. Through the cultural landscape in the Shih-Wei- Chiang Village, the construction of the local Hakka lifeworld is presented. The village people live in a layer over layer existential space and their concrete life experience is taken to interpret the space to be a place filled with its sense of meanings to allow the Shih-Wei-Chiang to have its charming arrangement for space and to let the village people possess deeply identification and attachment for this place.

並列關鍵字

Settlement ； Place ； Collective memory ； Cultural landscape ； Lifeworld

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