組織特性與新產品發展過程對新產品開發績效之影響研究—以中科院為例

Effects of the organization characteristic and new product development processes on performance of new product development – A study of Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology

茹鴻英(Hung-Ying Ju)

指導教授 ： 謝龍發

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200400041

摘要

高科技產業本身所具備的高風險、快速變動、產品生命週期短的特質，促使置身高科技產業中的企業必須具備更快速的因應能力，方能在競爭激烈的環境中生存。
有鑑於研發活動重要性日漸提高，市場上新產品的競爭狀況越演越烈，在台灣不論什麼產業都需不斷致力於發展新產品的活動。而列為國內首屈一指高科技國防武器研發單位的中科院；其新產品的研發績效，是一值得探討的課題。
本研究遂以組織特性及新產品發展過程，探究新產品開發所產生的影響效果，以中科院大型武器系統研發為研究對象；採用個案研究的方式，進行結構性深度訪談。本研究採用組織特性中的組織對創新的鼓勵、主管支持、資源、時間壓力等四個變數；將新產品發展過程分為產品創意、產品概念、產品雛形、最終產品、行銷計畫五個構面；探究對於新產品開發績效包括：「財務績效」、「市場績效」、「機會窗口」等之影響，作為研究架構。
主要研究目的為以下三點：
1. 探討組織特性與新產品發展過程之關係。
2. 探討組織特性與新產品發展過程對新產品開發績效之影響。
3. 探討中科院的組織特性與新產品發展過程對新產品開發績效之影響。
研究主要發現為：
1. 新產品發展過程中，不管是組織鼓勵、主管支持或是充裕的資源皆有助於提高員工的創造力；組織鼓勵與主管支持與激勵員工內在的動機有較大的關連，但是充裕的資源對員工創造力的提升可能會帶來最直接的立即效果。
2. 由研究的個案資料中發現，中科院在新產品發展過程中的阻礙有兩項因素：(1)產品生命週期較長，故不需要不斷的創新或發展新的產品；(2)因為有特定市場及需求顧客，所以沒有去注重行銷計畫。

關鍵字

組織特性 ； 新產品發展過程 ； 新產品開發績效

並列摘要

High-tech industry itself possesses high risks, combined with fast fluctuation, short product life cycles. High-tech enterprises thus have to own the flexibility to deal with such situation and enable to survival in the most competitive environment.
In the light of increasingly important Research & Development activities and more competitive new products on the market, industries in Taiwan have all require being committed to activities for developing new products. Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology, an eminent institution developing national defensive weapons, deserves to be explored in its performances of new products development.
This research explores the effects of organization characteristic and new product development process on the performance of new product development, and takes large-sized weapon system of Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology as the research object; the research is carried out in the way of the case study, conducting in-depth interviews in structure. The research uses four variables in the organization characteristic, such as encouragements for creativity, supervisor’s support, resources and time pressure; the new product development process contains five stages, which are product creativity, product concept, product prototype, final product and marketing plan; New product development performances to be explored in their influences include financial performance, market performance, window of opportunity as the framework of the research.
The purpose of the research focuses on the following three points:
1. It explores the relations between organization characteristic and new product development process.
2. It explores the effects of the organization characteristic and new product development process to new products,
3. It explores the effects of the organization characteristic and new product development process to new products in Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology
Important findings:
1. On the process of developing new products, either organizational encouragements or superiors’ supports or ample resources have been beneficial to the increase of employees’ creativity; organizational encouragements, superiors’ supports and employee stimulation have greater links with employees’ inner motive; however, ample resources may bring direct effect on employees’ creativity.
2. Case study reveals that there are two hindrance factors on the process of developing new products at Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology: (1) the product life cycle is longer, so it required less continuing innovation nor new product developments; (2) it has certain markets and fixed customers, so marketing strategies have not been particularly emphasized.

並列關鍵字

new product development process ； organization characteristic ； performance of new product development

參考文獻

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