本研究的主要目的在建立GDS國內低年級兒童常模之資料,探討GDS於國內ADHD個案臨床應用之效果,並進一步探索GDS個別測驗分數與分數組型在診斷上的敏感度與特殊性。GDS是一套可攜帶的電子儀器,應用於ADHD之衡鑑,測驗中需要受試者抑制衝動和維持注意力的能力,其施測與計分方式均由電腦程式執行,可提供客觀的測驗資料。 本研究參考美國建構常模之程序,進行標準延遲測驗、1/9模式警覺注意測驗、分心干擾測驗三個分測驗,共得九項測驗分數:延遲測驗總反應數、正確次數和效益比,警覺測驗和分心測驗的正確次數、錯誤次數和遺漏次數。本研究共收集200位城鄉地區低年級學童之GDS測驗資料來建立常模。臨床組為30位經醫師診斷為ADHD-C之低年級兒童。檢驗不同切截分數在診斷上的敏感度與特殊性,並進行區辨分析,發現最具區辨力之分數組型為:延遲測驗效益比和警覺測驗之錯誤與正確次數。 在討論中探討常模的適用性和分測驗的診斷表現,發現合併使用切截分數與區辨函數可提升之ADHD之正確分類率,並建議使用GDS簡明版以縮短測驗時間並在未來研究中建立更完整的常模資料,以利臨床心理工作效能之提升。
The purpose of this study is to establish the GDS normative data in grade 1 and 2 students in Taiwan and explore the validity of ADHD diagnosis. Furthermore, to disscuss the sensitivity and specificity of the correlation between the GDS scores and the diagnosis result. GDS is a portable, computerized device that implements on ADHD assessment. The tasks require the impulse inhibition and sustain attention abilities. This program administrates and records scores automatically, and it provides the objective data. METHOD:Base on American’s standardization procedure, Standard Delay, Vigilance and Distractibility Task to collect 9 scores which include total responses, correct, and efficiency ratio in Delay Task; correct, commission and omission in both Vigilance Task and Distractibility Task. The GDS scores obtained from 200 children in grade 1 and 2 in urban and country area is treated as the normative date, while the clinical data is acquired from 30 ADHD-C patients. RESULT:Define the sensitivity and specificity in different cutting point according to the ROC curve. The best discrimination equations were constructed by the Delay Task efficiency ratio, Vigilance commission and correct. DISCUSSION: The adaptation of the norm and its application in diagnosis are analyzed. Recommendation is to shorten the test period by testing two tasks and developing more completed normative data with a larger sample size in order to improve the efficiency of the clinical work.