平行捷運公車路線調整之最佳化研究

Optimization Study of Routes Adjustment for MRT-Parallel Bus Lines

葉耿光(Keng-Kuang Yeh)

指導教授 ： 廖祐君

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500753

摘要

都市中由於人口與經濟快速成長，致各都市中普遍存在嚴重之交通問題，為滿足民眾之需求、解決嚴重的交通問題，除了原有的公車系統外，積極地興建捷運系統，是各個都市努力執行的工作。但是捷運系統完工通車之後，若不能與公車系統作一致性的整合，將產生路線重複性過高、乘客步行時間過久、候車時間過長…等不利使用問題，尤其是平行捷運之公車路線。因此，管理業者亟欲瞭解平行捷運公車路線之問題及調整方式，實為刻不容緩之議題。
有別於一般公車路網設計採全面性重新規劃，使用績效評估指標進行公車路線調整，本研究旨在針對平行捷運系統之公車路線，以最佳化分析進行部分重複路線及站點之調整。首先，就選定之研究地區分類出平行捷運之公車路線，並對這些路線進行路線之特性分析。隨後以「平行捷運公車路線總成本最小」為目標，其中總成本包含公車業者營運成本以及乘客使用成本，限制條件則考量符合乘客之預期路線、改變乘客最少的搭乘習慣、及降低調整所造成之衝擊，訂定路線調整之目標式以及所需之決策變數與限制式。模擬分析分為單一以及混合班距發車，運用最佳化模式，求解公車站點之去留、路線數以及選擇搭乘公車的乘客數，為一系統局部性改善之應用策略。

關鍵字

最佳化模式 ； 公車路線調整 ； 平行捷運

並列摘要

Because of the fast growth of the population and the economy, there are common transportation problems happening in the cities worldwide. To satisfy the travelers’ needs and to resolve the serious transportation problems, it is urgent to develop a well-planned mass rapid transit system based on the currently operating bus systems. However, several problems and inefficient resource allocation are frequently found at most urban public transportation systems, especially for bus routes parallel to rail transit paths, related problems such as service overlapping, long access time from bus stops to nearby transit station, long waiting time for transfer, etc. Given existing services of rail transits, this study aimed to simulate various conditions to adjust bus routes parallel to transit routes. The Danshui Line of Taipei Rapid Transit System was taken as an example to demonstrate the practice.
The study first categorized the bus systems and analyzed the properties of bus routes. Based on the characteristics analysis, an optimization model was built to minimize the cost of bus system, which consists operating costs of bus companies as well as use costs of passengers of public modes. The policy variables to be obtained include the number of routes, bus stops, headways and the passenger ridership, constrained by the least impacts from the adjustment to users in terms of meeting passengers’ expectation and keeping transit riders’ using routines. The simulation analysis showed several well-performed result sets based on various decision-making considerations, according policy implication and suggestions were summarized.

並列關鍵字

bus route adjustment ； optimization model ； parallel routes

參考文獻

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