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  • 學位論文

庫水位急速下降對土石壩體滲流現象之模擬

Seepage of Embankment Dam under the Rapid Decline Water Level of Reservoir.

指導教授 : 張德鑫
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摘要


造成土石壩破壞的原因有很多,如地震、土壤液化、水位快速升降、波浪沖刷作用等。本研究針對破壞因子其中之ㄧ「水位急速下降」進行模擬分析,探討土石壩上游水位急速下降時,土石壩體內部滲流及水壓力分佈情形,並分析其安定因子的變化。 本研究結合滲流及邊坡穩定分析等方法,考慮土石壩上游在不同的庫水位下降速率下,壩體內部滲流情形的變化及分析土石壩體的穩定性。首先,利用地下水水流數值模擬模式FEMWATER,模擬土石壩體在不同水位下降速率時,壩體內部地下水水位面、壩體土石材料之含水量及滲流速度等隨時間的變化情形。然後將壩體各區含水量隨時間變化情形轉換成邊坡穩定分析軟體WINSTABL所需之物理參數,針對上述不同之情況,分析在不同時間下的安全係數變化,並推估土石壩體邊坡可能破壞的時間及位置。最後將FEMWATER輸出之滲流速度轉換為水力坡降,探討水位下降速率對水力坡降之變化影響。 根據模擬及分析結果顯示,地下水水位面與土壤含水量會隨著水位下降速率不同而有所改變,尤其是在壩殼處變化最明顯。在安全係數探討部份,水位下降速率越快,則安全係數值越小。在案例中,當安全係數達到最小值時,並土石壩體沒有產生破壞行為。至於壩體內水力坡降亦會隨著不同的水位下降速率而改變,而水力坡降最大值會出現在庫水位下降至最低點處時,當水力坡降最大值出現後,水力坡降值會隨時間慢慢下降,直到恢復至穩定狀態。

關鍵字

滲流現象 土石壩

並列摘要


Many reasons can make embankment dam to cause damage, for examples: earthquake, soil liquefaction, rapid take-off and loading water, and the role of wave erosion. This research is about when the rapid decline water level on embankment dam upstream, the seepage and hydraulic pressure distribute in embankment dam. And make an analysis to the change of stability factor. This research will combine the method of seepage and slope stability analysis, and consider under the different speed of decline water level, the seepage change and stabilization in the embankment dam. First, applies the FEMWATER software in simulating the groundwater table, moisture content, and seepage velocity. Next, there are different soil parameters in different moisture content. Then, it applies the mode of WINSTABL software to count each stage the relations between safety factors of slope and time. Last, it changes seepage velocity to hydraulic gradient and analysis if the hydraulic gradient is caused the piping. After the simulation test, we know that the failure will more easy happen when the speed of decline water level more fast. And we know that the hydraulic gradient will bigger when the speed of decline water level more fast. When the speed of decline water level is 53.14m/24hr, the embankment dam can be happened piping.

並列關鍵字

Embankment Dam Seepage

參考文獻


1. 王欣雅(2009),「非均質邊坡管湧現象之探討」,中原大學土工程研究所碩士論文。
4. 林繼立(2005),「坡地裂縫位置對邊坡穩定之影響」,中原大學土木工程研究所碩士論文。
20. 鄭正隆(2004),「滲流現象對坡地穩定之影響」,中原大學土木工程研究所碩士論文。
22. Bishop, A.W. (1995), “The Use of the Circle in the Stability Analysis of Slope”, Geotechnique, Vol. V, 1, pp.7-17.
23. Brown, C.B. and I.P. King, (1996), “Automatic Embankment analysis: Equilibrium Instability Condition”, Geotechnique, Vol. 16(3), pp.209-219.

被引用紀錄


莊志威(2010)。地下水庫截水牆分析探討〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000822

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