台灣半導體產業的產業群聚與創新:發明人觀點

Industrial Cluster and Innovation in the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Industry Inventor Viewpoint

黃怡愔(Yi-Yin Huang)

指導教授 ： 陳玉麟

中原大學/商學院/會計研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000485

摘要

創新是力求提高價值和效用的價值鏈優化行為。Porter(1985)指出創新會影響產業結構和競爭優勢，使得技術策略成為企業整體競爭策略中本質要素，且在企業挑戰實力堅強的對手時，創新是主要的攻擊形式之ㄧ。群聚內的企業在地理環境接近下，感受到的競爭壓力與市場機會較明顯，在資訊與人力資源流動速度較快的狀況下，有助於促進產業知識外溢的效果，並強化產業創新的優勢。
本研究主要探討半導體產業下發明人的行為與產業群聚對於發散性創新的影響。以1996年至2004年台灣上市半導體產業發明人作為研究樣本，來進行研究的驗證。本研究發現發明人流動，對於新公司的發散性創新有正向影響，而發明人在竹科內流動，確實會因為群聚的同形現象，反而減弱發散性創新的增加效果。此外，發明人合作對發散性創新並沒有正向影響，顯示出發明人彼此合作可能會有想法上的衝突，或是繼續延用本身過去創新觀念，導致無法進入新的技術子領域，而發明人合作屬於竹科內合作，確實會因為群聚的同形現象，反而減弱發散性創新的增加效果。最後將竹科分為垂直和水平體系，探討對發散性創新的增加效果，結果發現，原本預期水平流動或合作的惰化(inertia)現象將大於垂直流動或合作並未發生。

關鍵字

垂直和水平體系 ； 發明人流動 ； 產業群聚 ； 發散性創新

並列摘要

Innovation is the optimization of the value chain for improving the value and utility. Porter (1985) pointed out that the innovation will affect the industrial structure and competitive advantage, making technology strategy into an enterprise’s elements of the competitive strategy, and when challenging strong rivals, innovation is the main form to attack. Since the enterprises in the cluster are geographically located at the same environment, they feel stronger pressure on the competition and market opportunity. However, because the moving of information and human resources are faster, the spillover of industry knowledge is promoted, and the industrial innovation advantage is also improved.
This study investigates the influence of inventor’s behavior and industry cluster on the divergent innovation in semiconductor industry. The inventors in the semiconductor industry in Taiwan from 1996 to 2004 are taken as the research samples. The study found that the flowing of inventor has positive impact on the divergent innovation. But the flowing of inventors in the cluster of Hsinchu Science Park, because of the isomorphy phenomenon, will bate the increasing effect of divergent innovation. In addition, cooperation between the inventors has not a positive influence on the divergent innovation, indicating there may be the conflicts on the ideas between the inventors or they may keep the previous ideas and can not enter the new technique field. Inventors’ cooperation in the cluster of Hsinchu Science Park, because of isomorphy phenomenon, will bate the increasing effect of divergent innovation. Finally, the observation of Hsinchu Science Park is taken vertically and horizontally to investigate the increasing effects on divergent innovation. The result shows that inertia phenomenon of the horizontal moving or cooperation is not more than vertical ones.

並列關鍵字

Inventor mobility ； Industry cluster ； Vertical and horizontal systems ； Divergent innovation

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