台灣LED產業之研究 - 以晶粒製造業為主

The research of Taiwan LED Industry Analysis - focus on Chip Makers

林柏伸(Po-Shen Lin)

指導教授 ： 謝龍發

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000953

摘要

被稱為第二次照明技術革命的LED(發光二極體，Light Emitting Diode)自從二○○一年導入手機造成LED全球大缺貨後，便快速滲透到LCD面板背光源(筆記本電腦、電視)和照明設備源。LED挾持其體積小、壽命長、無汙染可回收，以及最重要的低耗電特性；加上石油危機、地球暖化及各國政府的政策推動，LED產業已成為各國際企業不可錯過的投資機會。

台灣身為全球LED產量第一大，產值第二大的供應國，在競爭開始白熱化的產業內，企業除了積極搶產能(生產機台)、搶人才(設備研發人才)、搶材料 & 搶併購對象(產能技術)之外；還要努力營造IT及照明產品的供應鏈並迴避專利的屏障。在「只要需要發光的產品，就是LED商機。」的誘因下，台灣各大半導體、光電面板業者以及電子產品組裝業者都紛紛加入陣營。台灣LED產業的發展策略與產業內的企業該如何正確的運用事業經營策略，維持長期的競爭優勢已是不可不面對的課題。

本研究針對台灣LED產業的上中下游現況進行概況介紹，但僅對產業上中游的晶粒製造業做進一步的研究，以瞭解該產業目前的優劣勢、機會與威脅，以及產業內廠商的競合狀況。並以「策略矩陣分析法」來探討主要廠商過去所採取的「策略組合」跟產業發展的關聯，並驗證牽涉到的前提，並檢驗目標達成水準；同時嘗試為產業歸納出未來可行的發展方向。

本研究發現，台灣LED晶粒製造產業走的是擴大經濟規模，降低生產成本的傳統競爭策略，賺的是微薄的代工費或低毛利；但在新崛起的全球LED產業講求的是專利，系統化整合與品牌的高獲利模式。建議以水平及垂直整合改善產業結構、以群體力量持續專利佈局並結合其他國家優勢、創造品牌以踏上國際舞台。

關鍵字

策略 ； 照明 ； 節能 ； 五力分析 ； 策略矩陣 ； 發光二極體 ； 產業分析 ； 競爭優勢 ； 競爭策略 ； 價值鏈分析

並列摘要

The known 2nd lighting technique revolution – LED(Light Emitting Diode), was quickly permeated to TFT LCD back-light source for Notebook computer and TV as well as illumination source; since it was highly utilized by cellular phone on 2001. Due to small-size, long-life, non-pollution, re-recyclable and low power consumption attributes of LED; plus energy crisis, Earth warming & countries government policy, LED firm has became cannot missed investment opportunity.

Taiwan is No.1 of output quantity and No.2 of output value worldwide in LED industrial. LED enterprises are working hard to increase capacity、recruiting technical staff, control material source and join venture as possible as they can, besides creating IT & illumination supply chain and avoid patent barrier. LCD, semiconductor and electronic manufacturing firms now start to join the hottest industrial; it’s serious and un-avoidable topic for Taiwan LED industrial development strategy and LED firms to employ correct business strategy for sustaining a long-term advantage.

This research introduces entire up-middle-down streams of Taiwan LED industrial, and do further study for chip makers, in order to illustrate its strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats and firm’s inter competation-cooperation status. Then using “strategy matrix” method to analyze and examine premises involved and result from “strategy portfolio” employed by major firms, as well as relation with industrial growth history; then try to propose future development direction.

In research of Taiwan LED industry, we found Taiwan LED firms used to utilize traditional competition strategies like increasing production scale to reduce cost, in order to earn wage or slight profit. But new global LED industrial is making high profit through intellectual property (IP), system integration and brand-name models. We recommend Taiwan LED firms to improve entire industrial structure by horizontal or vertical integration, continued IP development, combination with other country strength and create brand-name to open international market.

並列關鍵字

SWOT ； strategic matrix ； LED

參考文獻

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