完美主義，工作家庭衝突與主觀適感的關係

The Relationship among Perfectionism ,Work-Family Conflict and Subjective Well-being

吳至芳(Chih-Fang Wu)

指導教授 ： 譚偉象

中原大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100091

摘要

研究背景與目的：以目前男女性均大量投入職場的社會型態，在工作與家庭生活可能互相衝突的情況下，如何在當中有良好的適應是重要的課題。研究已經指出個人差異在工作家庭衝突當中可能具有調節的作用，但並未針對特定的人格特質進行研究。而完美主義是一種在意成就、要求自我有高度表現的人格特質，其在工作家庭衝突與主觀安適感之間，是否像其他人格特質一樣扮演調節的角色，為研究主要目的。
研究方法：本研究以北部五縣市計317名有全職工作者為研究對象，將工作家庭衝突量表、工作滿意度、家庭滿意度、生活滿意度、正負向情感量表與近乎完美主義修訂中文版，經作者、翻譯者同意後整理為研究問卷，進行發放。問卷回收後以pearson積差相關、階層迴歸分析等方式進行資料分析，了解研究假設是否成立。
研究結果：本研究發現適應性完美主義在工作家庭衝突與主觀安適感之間並不存在調節效果；而適應不良完美主義在工作對家庭產生的衝突、家庭對工作產生的衝突之間與生活滿意度和正負向情感差之間具有調節效果，並依不同程度的衝突感受，適應不良完美主義具有不同的調節效果。
討論：研究結果發現適應不良完美主義可部分產生調節作用，並會受到工作家庭衝突感受的高低程度影響，有不同的調節效果。推測可能與適應不良完美主義特質在面對無法掌控的壓力情境時，易採取逃避、否認等情緒焦點因應有關。建議面對適應不良完美主義傾向高的個案時，視個案所感受到的壓力程度，給予不同的介入策略，最終以引導個案能了解自己與環境的限制，並與其共同討論合宜的解決之道，提升個案處理壓力的能力。未來研究方向可朝正向的工作家庭界面方向進行，同時也可考慮以完美主義各種不同的建構去了解在工作家庭界面當中所扮演的角色。

關鍵字

工作家庭衝突 ； 完美主義 ； 生活滿意度 ； 正負向情感 ； 家庭滿意度 ； 工作滿意度

並列摘要

Research background & aims: Nowadays, as men and women usually devote themselves to both work and family, there might be conflicts between work and family. Therefore how to have good adjustment is an important topic. Some research have already pointed out that individual differences may moderate the relation between the WFC (including work interfere with family and family interfere with work) and its consequences, but without investigation on specific personality traits. Perfectionism refers to the personality traits such as caring about achievements or striving for high personal standards, which should have both positive and negative influences in the work and family domains. The aim of this research was to explore whether perfectionism, like other personality traits, moderated the relation between work-family conflict and subjective well-being.
Methods: 317 full-time workers in the north and north-east of Taiwan participated in the research. The research used the survey method and the questionnaire consisted of the Work-Family Conflict Scale, Work Satisfaction Scale, Family Satisfaction Scale, Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Chinese Version of the Almost Perfect Scale – Revised. All the measures had been granted permission to use only for this research. In order to examine the hypotheses testing, the data were analyzed by using Pearson product–moment correlation and hierarchical multiple regression.
Results: Only maladaptive perfectionism moderated the relation between the WFC and life satisfaction, and that of the WFC and positive and negative affect difference. Within different ranges of the WFC, maladaptive perfectionism moderated the above relations in different ways.
Discussion: Results indicated that there were different moderation effects of maladaptive perfectionism between the WFC and subjective well-being. Perhaps when one experienced the stressful situation which one could control well, maladaptive perfectionism might lead someone to use emotion-focused copying styles such as denial or avoidance. Therefore in order to treat clients with high maladaptive perfectionism, psychologists must understand the degree of the conflicts, and make suitable plans for the clients through discussing with them, helping them understand themselves, developing other coping skills, and increasing their resources to deal with the stresses. Future research may focus on the positive direction of the work-family interface, other structures of perfectionism, or the effects of other demographic variables on the WFC.

並列關鍵字

work satisifaction ； family satisfaction ； work-family conflict ； perfectionism ； life satisfaction ； APS-R ； SWLS ； PANAS

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