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  • 學位論文

探討中國大陸80’s後員工之工作態度及工作價值觀-以高科技產業為例

A Study of Work Attitudes and Work Values of Chinese Post-1980 Generation in High-technology Industries

指導教授 : 陳筱琪
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摘要


本研究旨在探討中國大陸80’s後族群的工作價值觀與工作態度。製造代工外移至以中國大陸為主的台灣高科技業者,面對80’s後族群逐漸成為目前中國大陸的勞力主流,但其生長背景與環境與前一世代相較有很大的不同,對於管理者而言也因此遭遇到新的管理問題,80’s後是否在工作價值觀與工作態度上與前一世代會有差異性,使管理者需要改變管理方式便成為本研究欲探討的方向。 本研究為分析80’s後員工的工作價值觀與工作態度,首先藉由文獻整理,歸納出工作價值觀可分為成就發展價值、利他價值、物質報酬價值、人際關係價值,工作態度可分為工作滿足、工作投入、組織認同、職業認同與離職傾向。其次,本研究以中國大陸沿海地區工作之員工為研究對象,運用相關分析與多元迴歸探討80’s後員工之工作價值觀與工作態度的關聯性,同時採用T檢定比較其與80’s前的員工是否存在差異性。 研究結果顯示,80’s後員工的工作價值觀與工作態度是有顯著相關性,進一步探討其工作價值觀與工作態度間的影響關係,得出工作價值觀與工作態度間彼此有部分影響的結果,且工作價值觀的利他價值構面對與工作態度的五個構面的影響全都達到顯著,更勝於成就發展價值與物質報酬價值,而工作態度的工作滿足、組織認同、離職傾向三個構面對工作價值觀的四個構面的影響全都達到顯著,由此結果可知,對與80’s後員工而言,在工作表現上得到的成就感比薪水更為重要,利他價值的重視,也顯示他們注重於團隊合作更勝於單打獨鬥。此外,在探討80’s後員工與80’s前員工在工作價值觀與工作態度的差異性中,研究發現兩個世代員工之工作價值觀與工作態度有顯著的差異性。從本研究的結果得知,80’s後員工工作價值觀與工作態度有部分相互影響的關係,且80’s後與80’s前員工的工作價值觀與工作態度有顯著差異性,因此管理者要啟用80’s後族群的員工時,需要更留意這一世代員工之特性,並適時的調整管理方式,不能一昧的以過去的管理方式套用在80’s後員工上,單以物質報酬對於80’s後員工並不能完全滿足80’s後員工需求,因此台資高科技企業佈局中國大陸之際,應考慮80’s前後兩個世代的文化差異,了解員工之工作態度與價值觀,對於員工之管理方式能因時制宜、因地制宜的有所調整;期望對於80’s後員工之工作價值觀與工作態度之研究,能作為台資高科技企業管理中國分公司之參考。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study is to investigate the work values and work attitudes of the post- 1980’s generation in mainland China. In the background of labor-intensiove production shifting to China, Taiwan high-tech industries in China are facing the emerging mainstream in the labor market: the post-1980’s generation, who has grown up in a different background and environment from that of the previous generation, whether which causes the difference of work values and work attitudes and therefore requires the adjustment of management strategy is the probing direction of this study. By the literature review for the analysis of work values and attitudes of post-80’s, the work values includes the dimensions of achievement, altruism, income, and interpersonal relationship, and the work attitudes are regarded as job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment, occupational commitment, and turnover intension. The surveyed target is the employees in south-east coast of China. The statistical correlation and multi-regression are applied to investigate the relation of work values and work attitudes of the post-80’s and the T-test is adopted to identify the difference between pre-80’s and post-80’s. The statistic analysis result shows the post-80’s work values and work attitudes are positively correlated. Further by the multi-regression analysis, it indicates that all the dimensions of work attitudes are dependent to the “altruism” and all the dimensions of work values are dependent to the “job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intension”, which implies that post-80’s emphasize the team-work and peer judgment instead of personal achievement or material rewards and those who are satisfied with their job and company tend to have positive work values. In addition, the T-test reflects the difference exist in some dimensions of work values and work attitudes of pre-80’s and post-80’s generation. The study shows that the post-80’s has developed the different work values and attitudes by the environmental changes and the management style and method for this generation should be adjusted by considering their specific characteristics and personalities and hopefully this study can contribute to the human resource management for the Taiwan high-tech industries in China.

參考文獻


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