在組裝式供應鏈中應用混合型合約使整體利潤最大化

由於科技的進步與銷售型態的改變，導致顧客需求快速變動且產品生命週期縮短，企業為了維持市場競爭力必須提升供應鏈的績效，在供應鏈中協調各個環節並建立夥伴關係，使成員間能互相合作、分享資訊，整合內外部之資源，以降低成本、縮短流程且能快速回應顧客，進而提升整體績效與總利潤。因此本研究根據供應鏈協調機制，加入結合買回合約與營收分享合約之混合性合約，藉此協調供應鏈中的成員。此外，本研究為了更貼近現實情況，建構一個二階組裝式供應鏈系統，以二個製造商對單一零售商為架構，其中二個製造商之產品為互補，零售商向製造商訂購產品後，需自行組裝成商品再販售；並在這樣的情境下，藉由模式推導求得最佳的訂購數量與最佳的零售價格，進而求得最佳的供應鏈整體利潤；其目的在於比較組裝式供應鏈系統中，加入混合型合約對於決策變數及整體利潤之影響。接著經由模式的分析與數值上的驗證，來檢定二模式之間的供應鏈整體利潤是否存在顯著差異。最後，透過這些研究方法可以得知，在二階組裝式供應鏈系統中，加入混合型合約來協調供應鏈中的成員，可以帶來更多的利潤。

關鍵字

混合型合約；營收分享；買回合約；組裝式供應鏈；供應鏈協調

並列摘要

The advance in technology and transformation of marketing pattern quickly change customer demands and shorten the product life cycle. For this reason, enterprises have to improve the operational performances by coordinating the members in supply chain and establishing the partnership to maintain market competition. Therefore, this study combines a composite contract based on buy back and revenue sharing contract and supply chain coordination mechanism, and then constructs a supply chain model consisting of one retailer and two complementary suppliers. This study derives the optimal order quantity and retail price to maximize total profit of supply chain. The objective of this study is to discuss the effect of decision variables and total profit considered a composite contract. Finally, this study compares whether there is a significant difference between two models by model verification and numerical example, and the result of hypothesis shows that the total profit of supply chain with a composite contract is more than which without a composite contract.

並列關鍵字

composite contract ； revenue sharing ； Supply chain coordination ； buy back contract

參考文獻

73. Tsay, A.A., Nahmias, S., and Agrawal, N., (1999) “Modeling supply chaincontracts: A review”, Operations and Manufacturing Management Papers, Vol. 17, pp.299-336.

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在組裝式供應鏈中應用混合型合約使整體利潤最大化

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