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  • 學位論文

化工業廠商事業策略之研究

Firm Business Strategy of Chemical Engineering Industry

指導教授 : 謝龍發
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摘要


化學工業扮演著工業火車頭的角色,因為化學工業除了與民生息息相關外,更是其他工業的基礎原料供應者。以石化產業為基礎,大型的化工業為核心,迄今歷經近五十年的整合發展,其上、中、下游各公司的發展已具有相當的規模,成為我國垂直整合最完整且影響經濟成長最大的產業之一。 近年來國際原油價格不斷地屢創新高,讓以石油為原料的化學工業成本隨之上揚,再加上工資高漲、環保意識抬頭、金融及歐債風暴、新興國家化學業者的加入…等,這些外在環境的不利因素,使得化學工業廠商經營困難利潤大幅下滑;企業應如何應用與結合既有的資源與優勢,思考與檢討該採取何種經營政策,找到正確的經營方針,因應險惡的經濟環境與全球化的競爭趨勢,提振企業競爭力以永續發展,實為當前企業重要的課題。 本研究以探討化學工業之產業環境、產業價值鏈及策略矩陣分析法,來分析化學工業製造廠商如何取得或應用公司的競爭優勢;並以作者所處之化學工業製造廠(D)為中心,探討其如何與產業中的上游、下游等關聯廠商(A、B、C、E)互動發展,建立產業地位。藉由對個案公司經營決策者的訪談意見,找出對化工業廠商具有策略意義的價值活動(Value Activity)形成產業價值鏈,再利用策略矩陣進行個案公司之經營策略分析,得到影響化學工業製造廠商發展最大的關鍵因素;再進一步深入探討個案D公司為掌握發展關鍵因素,是如何靈活運用與上、下游等廠商的供應鏈關係,透過借力使力建立在產業中的地位。最後,綜合影響化學工業製造廠商發展的關鍵因素,與D公司對上游、下游等廠商互動發展的研究結果,提出(1)跨業水平整合以增強競爭優勢(2)適時採用委外策略(3)利用產、官、學策略聯盟三大經營發展策略方向,提供給與D公司同屬中小型規模的化學工業製造廠,作為經營方向與拓展業務之參考。

並列摘要


The chemical industry is the pioneer of all industries. It is a part of our living, and also the supplier of basic materials for other industries. On the basic of petrochemical industry, and the axis of large-scaled chemical industry, the chemical industry of Taiwan has developed by integration for fifty years. The upstream, midstream, and downstream parts of the chemical industry have reached a considerable scale. It become one of the industries that has vertical integrated completely, and the industries that mostly influenced Taiwan economy growth. On the other hand, because the international price of petroleum has highly increased in these years, the cost of chemical industry, which supplied from petroleum materials, has increased. Plus, new unfavorable facts, including the increasing of wage, awareness of environmental protection, the global financial crisis and Europe financial crisis, the joining of chemical industries from newly industrialized countries and counting… have made our chemical industries undergoing operational difficulties and decreasing of profits. The method how industries should to apply and combine the resources and competitive advantages they have owned, thinking and reviewing of business strategy, finding the correct direction for management, facing the vicious economic environment and the globalization, and boosting the competitive strength of industries for sustainable development, are important issues for the industries today. By exploring the industrial environment and industrial value chain of chemical industries, and with strategic matrix analysis, this study analyzes how the manufacturers of chemical industry acquire or utilize the competitive advantage of company. Besides, surrounding the chemical industry company (the company D) which the author work at, this study investigates how the company D developed its associated network of upstream and downstream manufacturers (company A, B, C, E), and how to establish its status. By interviewing the CEO’s of manufacturing company in chemical industries, this study finds the value activities which have strategic meaning for companies in chemical industry. After the analysis for the case company by the strategy matrix, we have understood the key success factors for a manufacturer in chemical industry. In order to get competitive advantage, the central case in this study, the company D, has utilized the supply chain between upstream and downstream manufacturers with agility, and developed its industrial superior status. Finally, this study suggests the three strategies: (1) Horizontal integration in chemical industry could strengthen competitive advantage. (2) Outsourcing strategy should be used timely. (3) The alliance between industry, government and university should be utilized. The conclusions could provide references for managerial direction and business expansion for those middle-small scaled manufacturers in chemical industry.

參考文獻


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