應用萬用演算法考慮人員熟練度於成衣業之生產線平衡問題

Applying Meta-Heuristics Algorithm to Solve Assembly Line Balancing Problem with Labor Skill Level in Garment Industry

鄭力仁(Li-Jen Cheng)

指導教授 ： 陳育欣

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201300508

摘要

成衣製造業屬於勞力密集的產業，面對現今大環境的激烈競爭，如何將生產效率有效的提高就變成重要的議題。生產線平衡問題(Assembly Line Balancing Problem)就是在討論如何將機台妥善的指派到工作站，可以使得各工作站達到平衡生產，同時降低生產的週期時間。由於生產線平衡問題屬於NP-Hard問題，因此本研究使用禁忌演算法來縮短求解的時間。
本研究是將人員對於各機台的熟練度加入考量，利用熟練度的不同來調整人員的指派，透過這種改變達成與改變機台擺放的位置相同的效果。同時，透過豐田式縫紉系統將原本單工的工作型態進行調整，將原本的一人一機變成一人操作多個機台，更可以將生產線平衡發會最大的功用。本研究利用禁忌演算法來針對人員的交換進行篩選，讓人員可以有效的發揮最大的功用，降低在生產過程中的浪費，讓工作週期時間降低。同時，透過與模擬退火法所計算出的結果進行比較，發現禁忌演算法的結果相對的比較佳，並且透過文獻案例分析來加強本研究的實用性。

關鍵字

生產線平衡問題 ； 豐田式縫紉系統 ； 模擬退火 ； 禁忌演算法

並列摘要

The garment industry is both labor-intensive and fiercely competitive. To improve the production efficiency has become an important issue in this industry. The aim of Assembly Line Balancing Problem (ALBP) is to assign machines to workstations which can make the line with balanced producing, and also can reduce the cycle time. ALBP is known as an NP-hard problem.
This research considers the workers’ familiarity level with the machine operation to assign workers to different machines. At the same time, we apply the concept of Toyota Sewing System (TSS) to make the typical line production mode into the cellular mode and make the line balancing more functional. Additionally, this study applies the algorithms Tabu Search (TS) and Simulated Annealing (SA) to assign workers with the objectives of eliminating production waste and reducing the cycle time. The results indicates TS performs better than SA. Furthermore, a case is taken from a literature to verify its practicality.

並列關鍵字

Toyota Sewing System ； Assembly Line Balancing Problem ； Simulated Annealing ； Tabu Search

參考文獻

吳漢斌 (2007). 考慮人員技能水準求解成衣業車縫線之生產線設計問題. 碩士學位論文, 中原大學.

Bautista, J. and J. Pereira (2007). "Ant algorithms for a time and space constrained assembly line balancing problem." European Journal of Operational Research 177(3): 2016-2032.

Becker, C. and A. Scholl (2006). "A survey on problems and methods in generalized assembly line balancing." European journal of operational research 168(3): 694-715

Chan, K. C. C., P. C. L. Hui, K. W. Yeung and F. S. F. Ng (1997). "Handling the assembly line balancing problem in the clothing industry using a genetic algorithm." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 10: 21-37.

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