無機層材添加於染料敏化太陽能電池電解質中對於電池轉換效率之研究

Study on Improving Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Inorganic Layered Materials in Luquid Electrolytes

陳欣怡(Hsin-Yi Chen)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗燕

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201300929

摘要

染料敏化太陽能電池發展至今使用的液態電解質雖然可得到較高的光電轉換效率，但液態電解質易揮發、洩漏的缺點對於電池元件的穩定性有負面的影響。文獻指出使用奈米粒子可有效的提升電池整體效能以及改善漏液的問題，本研究使用十一種不同型態的無機層材分別為不同取代型黏土(如四面體取代、八面體取代)、以及不同陽離子交換當量(CEC值)、不同層間金屬離子、改質與未改質型黏土、陰離子取代型的層狀雙氫氧化合物(LDH)。把此十一種無機層材分別加入液態電解質中，比較它們之間的光電轉換效率。實驗中發現在添加量為5wt%時可有效的提升元件的開路電壓(Voc)，且可得到電流(Jsc)最佳值，整體轉換效率以此添加量時最佳。在不同型態的無機層材以四面體取代型黏土CL5與液態電解質AN之間分散性最佳，且黏度高，在封裝時相較於純液態電解質較為便利，不易有漏液的問題產生。加入奈米黏土電解質CL5-5%+AN其轉換效率從未添加前的6.72%大幅提升至7.15%，極限電流及碘三離子擴散係數添加奈米黏土的CL5-5%+AN也可有效的提升，從界面阻抗分析(EIS)也可得知CL5-5%+AN的電解質擴散阻抗較低，進行長效穩定性測試實驗添加CL5的電解質無論是在室溫或是加熱狀態與純液態電解質相比都可以有較佳的穩定性。

關鍵字

Dye sensitized solar cell ； 無基狀材料 ； electrolyte

並列摘要

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using a liquid electrolyte that could cause a high conversion efficiency; however, leakage of the liquid electrolyte has a negative impact on the cell stability. The literatures indicate that using nanoparticles in electrolyte can enhance the performance of the cells and improve the leakage problems effectively. In this study, there are eleven different types of inorganic layered materials which represent tetrahedral substituted smectites or octahedral substituted smectites, different cation exchange capacity (CEC), different metal ions located between the layers, pure and modified clay, and layered double hydroxide (LDH) .These eleven types of inorganic layered materials added in the liquid electrolyte, and then compared their photo-to-current conversion efficiency. According to the experiment, device open-circuit-voltage (Voc) could be improved effectively when the clay adding amount is 5wt%, the optimum value of the photocurrent is included, and get the best conversion efficiency. It gets the best dispersed, high viscosity, and much more convenient in seal compared with liquid electrolyte and there is little leakage problem when we chose the clay with tetrahedral substituted in liquid electrolyte. Adding tetrahedral substituted nanoclay with liquid electrolyte could increase the conversion efficiency significantly from 6.72% to 7.15% and limiting current and tri-iodide ion diffusion coefficient can also be increased when adding tetrahedral substituted nanoclay in liquid electrolyte. The CL5-5% + AN diffusion impedance is also lower by the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS). For long-term stability test the adding CL5-5% + AN electrolyte could be better stability compared with the pure liquid electrolyte either at room temperature or at heated state.

並列關鍵字

Inorganic Layered Materials ； electrolyte ； Dye sensitized solar cell

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