以再製品與新產品需求差異為基礎探討逆向物流通路之協商

Coordinating channel strategies based on the demand difference of remanufacturing products and new products

陳立弘(Li-Hong Chen)

指導教授 ： 邱裕方

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400957

摘要

許多國家企業在產品的開發初期就希望研發出能降低生產成本及環境衝擊的產品。逆物流的概念是產品在生命週期終了利用回收將物品運送至供應鏈的前端經由再製造的處理，使得原來的流程進行重組，形成一個新的封閉式的結構，所有物料都在此封閉的迴圈循環流動，對於產品的生命週期更有效管理。正向物流與逆向物流所生產出來的新產品與再製造產品，亦會造成消費者選擇上的差異。本研究認為若要提高消費者環保意識並提高零售商回收意願，願意將消費者使用完後的廢棄產品回收，應提供價格利誘。本研究希望藉由回收及回收再製造的方式讓通路中的成員皆能獲利，本研究將回收產品分為兩大類，對於不可再進行再製造處理的產品將其拆解做為其它用途使用，另一部分進行再製造處理。
本研究以再製品與新產品需求差異為基礎針對逆向物流系統之通路策略進行探討，針對集中型通路，分散型通路不採用任何策略、分散型通路營收分享策略，進行通路決策分析。探討在逆向供應鏈中不同情境之最佳回收策略，將原本的物流模式及金流模式皆予以反向討論。
最後研究結果為以下兩點:
1.在成本分享模式中，製造商分攤較高的回收價格讓零售商願意代為回收，此成本分攤反而有助於整體供應鏈利潤提升。
2.集中型通路策略無論是回收價格與零售價格的決策，其通路利潤皆優於分散型通路模型中所使用的兩種策略模式，使得通路利潤高於分散型通路。

關鍵字

逆向物流 ； 再製造系統 ； 營收分享

並列摘要

Many enterprises in early stages of product development dedicate to reduce production costs and environmental impact of products. The concept of reverse logistics is to transport materials to the front end of the supply chain through the remanufacturing process at the end of product life cycle, making the formation of a new closed-end structure. All materials circulate in this closed loop for more effective product life cycle management. Forward logistics and reverse logistics produce the new products and remanufactured products, and that will cause differences in consumer choice. This study suggests that to raise the environmental awareness of consumers and retailers to improve the willingness of retailers to recycle waste products after consumer’s use, manufacturers should provide price inducements. This study is to investigate if the recycle and recycling remanufacturing make channel members earn profit. The recycled products have two major categories; the products that no longer been re-processed will be dismantled for other purposes, and other products will be remanufactured.
This study coordinates distribution channel strategies based on the demand differences of remanufacturing products and new products to explore channel decision analysis of centralized channel, decentralized channel that does not use any strategy, and decentralized channel that has revenue sharing strategy, and to explore the best recycling strategy of different situations in the reverse supply chain. Finally, the findings of this study are:
1. In terms of cost sharing model, the manufacturer who shares a higher recycling price makes retailer have stronger intention to recycle products, and this cost sharing improve the overall supply chain profits.
2. Whether channel strategic decision made on recycling price or retail price, the profit of centralized channel is more than that of decentralize channel.

並列關鍵字

remanufacturing system ； reverse logistics ； revenue sharing

參考文獻

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[21]彭曉君 (2012)。逆向物流再製造系統之通路協調. (碩士), 國立中央大學, 桃園縣.

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