優先承買權為我國實務爭議處理上經常會遇到之問題,相關的爭議問題有些存在已久,所涉範圍廣泛,其牽涉範圍可能包括民法、土地法以及其他土地特別法,射程可能遍佈各普通法與特別法之中,故本文僅擬以民法第426條之2的優先承買權為研究主軸,先探討優先承買權之定義、制度的價值、制度的優劣、沿革、性質與效力,在第二章處先把較為上位抽象的優先承買權概念加以整理與探討。次而在第三章討論租賃相關爭議問題,先將租賃制度與基地租賃加以介紹,整理目前實務與學說對基地租賃爭議問題之看法,臚列各個不同意見並加以分析,再進而融合租賃與優先承買權概念,解析民法第426條之2、土地法第104條之各個構成要件,並對每個要件可能涉及的爭議,整理並加以剖析,從較為上位抽象的優先承買權進而討論較為下位具體的民法第426條之2的優先承買權。最後在第四章部分,則是針對優先承買權相關爭議問題加以討論,討論的問題有較為傳統的優先承買權性質之爭議問題,有較為新穎的通知的問題,也有與臺灣實務息息相關違章建築與優先承買權的問題,本文擬整理相關爭議問題目前實務最新判解與學說看法,藉由對比排序的方式,分析各說良窳並加以比較,使閱讀者能迅速掌握爭議問題的內容與核心,本文並試著對各個爭議問題在末段提出自己的看法,希冀能藉由相關爭議問題有效的彙整分析以及本文粗淺的看法,可以做為未來實務或是學說更進一步研究的方向,以期能讓優先承買權制度更為完善,更能促進物之有效利用。
Preemptive right issue is a common legal problem in Taiwanese judicial practice. It contains multiple regulations, such as: civil law, land act and other special law. In order to understand the core of preemptive right, firstly, this thesis is discovering the meaning, evolution, character and virtue of preemptive right. Also, it is focusing on the concept of preemptive right of leasing a land station for building a house at chapter 2. Secondly, it discusses relative legal debate and collates different kinds of opinions on leasing a land station for building a house at chapter 3. In this chapter, it states different kind of opinions and assays them. Then, chapter 3 explain the elements of civil law article 426-2 and land act article 104 by combining the concept of leasing a land station for building a house and the preemptive right. And it also discussed the argument which it might be happened in those articles from abstract concept to concrete regulation. Finally, this thesis analyzes the connected judicial perspectives and theories on the preemptive right at chapter 4. Chapter 4 was not only covered by traditional preemptive right disputes, but also includes some novel argument, like the notification way. Meanwhile, it ordered the newest Taiwanese judicial judgments and theories and contracted the difference between them, for discovering the idea of those viewpoints. To sum up, this thesis tried to bring up my personal viewpoint on each controversial dispute. Hoping this thesis could benefit the running of judicial decision or theories on preemptive right issues in future.