Zigbee無線感測網路之地下停車場應用

An Application to Guide Cars in Underground Parking Place by Zigbee Wireless Sensor Network

游鳳儀(Feng-Yi You)

指導教授 ： 涂世雄

中原大學/電機資訊學院/通訊工程碩士學位學程/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201300886

摘要

在這篇論文中，我們提出一套機制，透過Zigbee無線感測網路定位車輛，再經LED看板顯示車位區域分割的結果，提供駕駛了解每一區的車輛流動變化，能有效縮短尋找車位的時間，以提升停車場進出的管理效率。

本論文主要可分為三個部分，第一部分是架設IEEE 802.15.4的無線感測網路Zigbee 來做多跳網路連結，將停車場畫分區域，形成ad-hoc網路，來做資訊的傳遞。第二部分主要是透過Zigbee感測器來導引車輛，做停車位的偵測，以及跨區域的車輛辨識，便可得知每一個區域的車位使用率，以及區域內流動車輛的個數，判斷車輛為來車、停車或離車。最後一部分是資訊的顯示，透過LED看板將每一區域內的相關資訊經過計算總合後顯示給駕駛，駕駛便可透過即時看板資訊，選擇欲前往的停車位

在本論文中，我們主要的貢獻有下列幾點：
(1) 便利性：在高停車率時，駕駛可依照指示方向前往某一區塊停車，不需花費額外時間尋找車位。
(2) 實用性：低功耗、耗電性低，適用於大型停車場。
(3) 擴充性：Zigbee具有大量的節點數，最多可和255台設備做連結，整個網路最多可以支援超過65000個網路節點，具備自組織的功能。

最後，我們相信本論文提出的新機制在地下停車場的應用上，能有效改善停車場的管理和使用率。

關鍵字

停車導引 ； 區域分割和流量計算 ； Zigbee無線感測網路

並列摘要

In this thesis, we propose a new way to solve the underground parking garage problem. We use wireless sensor network Zigbee to position vehicles, and then the LED billboards display segmentation results of parking spaces, which can provide drivers some information about mobile vehicle within each region changes. It can shorten find parking spaces time to the drivers, and improve the parking garage management effectively in entrance or exit.

This thesis can be divided into three parts. The first part is to construct IEEE 802.15.4 Zigbee wireless sensor network to do a multi-hop network links, and divide the parking garage into regions, then form the ad-hoc networks to do information delivery. The second part is mainly through the Zigbee wireless sensor network to guide the vehicle by using Zigbee to do empty parking space detection and cross-regional vehicle identification, then it can help the drivers to know the parking spaces utilization ratio for each region, as well as amount of vehicle flows within the region, and judge vehicle as incoming car, parking car or leaving car. The last part is information delivery, through the LED billboards display, it can calculate results of parking spaces within each region to the driver, then the drivers can select the parking spaces which they want to go by billboard information.

In this thesis, the contributions of our research are as follows:
(1) Convenience: In high parking rates, the driver can follow the billboard instructions to go one block parking their car, do not spend extra time looking for parking spaces.
(2) Practicality: low-power, low power consumption, suitable for a large parking garage.
(3) Extensibility: Zigbee with a large number of nodes, and more than 255 devices can be link, and the entire network can support up to over 65000 network nodes, which with self-organizing capabilities.

Finally, we believe that this thesis can effectively improve the underground parking garage management and utilization rate.

並列關鍵字

Zigbee Wireless Sensor Network ； Guide cars ； Area detection and Area flow calculation

參考文獻

[20] YI-HONG TSENG and CHIN-CHENG CHOU, “Entering-and-Exiting Management of Parking Lots by an Application of Image-Analysis Techniques”, Journal of Science and Engineering Technology, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 85-97 (2007)

[21] Gai-Tai Huang, “Parking Guidance system based on radio frequency and computer vision”, Transportation Planning Journal, Vo1. 39 No. 1, March 2010, PP. 41 ～ 72

[37] ZigBee Alliance, http://www.ZigBee.org/

[1] 內政部戶政司人口統計, 101年7月資料(http://www.ris.gov.tw/346)

[2]Now news“每平方公里639人，台灣人口密度全球第二”,國際中心/綜合報導 http://www.nownews.com/2011/11/21/11490-2759547.htm