建構物料規劃最佳化之模式─以電子裝配業為例

Development of optimal material planning model– a case study of electronic assembly industry

李國維(Kuo-Wei Lee)

指導教授 ： 饒忻

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程學系/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900036

摘要

本研究在探討物料需求規劃（MRP）模式的問題，並且提出一個多期間、多產品、多零件與多供應商之物料規劃最佳化（OMP）模式，改善MRP無限產能與固定前置時間等問題，以期能獲得較佳的執行績效。
在物料規劃最佳化模式中以最大利潤為目標，考慮生產產能、零件供貨能力與存貨平衡等等的限制條件，求解最佳的產品生產排程、零件來源供應商的選擇與零件採購排程。物料規劃最佳化模式之優勢描述如下：
1.可執行的規劃結果，本模式計算的邏輯是在可達成出貨的狀況下，最佳化決策產品生產數量與零件採購數量，所以求得的結果具有高度的可執行性。
2.具有成本的概念，本模式加入了成本的參數，使得產品與零件有重要程度的差異。
3.具有產能限制條件，本模式可以做粗略的產能限制與零件供貨的能力限制。
4.具有多來源供應商設定，本模式在同一種零件可以設定多個來源供應商，不同來源供應商可以設定不同的採購前置時間與採購單價，模式會決策出最佳的採購來源供應商。
本研究以電子裝配業個案公司的實際數值驗證，在無法如期出貨則不出貨與無法如期出貨則延遲出貨兩種狀況下，與MRP模擬的結果比較，結果驗證本研究模式在兩種狀況下皆能得到較高的利潤。因此本研究所提之物料規劃最佳化模式能提供企業另一種備料模式的參考。

關鍵字

物料需求規劃 ； 最佳化

並列摘要

The study deals with issues of material requirements planning (MRP) and proposed an optimal material planning (OMP) model for multi-periods, multi-products, multi-materials and multi-suppliers to overcome the drawback of MRP and to obtain the better performances.
In the OMP model, we consider constraints such as capacity of manufacturer, capacity of suppliers, inventory balance, etc., in order to obtain optimal quantities of production and procurement, and best choice among suppliers for achieving the maximum profit. The advantages of OMP model are:
1. The results of planning are executable. This model optimizes the production volume and procurement under the condition of meeting order delivery.
2. This model includes cost concept. By adding cost parameters, the significances both products and parts are different.
3. This model considers the constraint of capacity. Preliminary production and supplier constraints can be included.
4. We can set up multiple resources of material in this model. We can set up different lead times and prices of procurement in the multiple resources. The OMP will decide the optimization of appropriate sourcing suppliers.
Real world data from a case study is used to prove that the OMP model could acquire higher profit than the MRP model for two cases: no delivery after delay and still delivery after delay. To sum up, OMP model could be a better alternative tool for material planning to enterprises.

並列關鍵字

MRP ； Optimization

參考文獻

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