薄膜阻塞機制與胞外聚合物之探討

The Study on Membrane Fouling Mechanism and Related EPS

李晏齊(Yen-Chi Lee)

指導教授 ： 游勝傑

中原大學/工學院/土木工程學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200800436

摘要

薄膜生物反應槽(Membrane bioreactor, MBR)在操作上容易產生薄膜積垢的問題，不僅造成透膜壓力的升高，出流水通過量也隨之減少。然而近年來許多文獻指出胞外聚合物(Extracellular Polymeric Substances, EPS)是薄膜積垢主要的原因，因此部分的研究採用不同的清洗方式如物理潤洗、物理刷洗、物理反洗與化學清洗等，針對薄膜表面/內部累積的積垢進行去除。但是由於清洗次數過多容易使薄膜的壽命降低，並相對的增加操作成本與動力花費，因此本研究將不同的反應槽污泥RY5、RB5、W進行蛋白質/ 碳水化合物之間比例(P/C比)的比較。此外另建立一座MBR (F)反應槽進行污泥EPS之P/C比與不同積垢層P/C比的比較，結果發現RY5、RB5、W與F得到污泥EPS的P/C比分別為2.65、3.78、2.28與3.28。另外發現F模廠的薄膜總阻抗值與反應時間的改變無明顯的相關性，但經由薄膜潤洗得到積垢物(loose cake layer)產生之阻抗值(Rlc)會逐漸減少，而薄膜刷洗得到的積垢物(dense cake layer)產生之阻抗值(Rdc)會有逐漸增加的趨勢。最後利用清洗後的結果對積垢進行分類，並由分析結果得到反應槽污泥、loose cake layer、dense cake layer與internal fouling的P/C比分別為3.28、2.21、0.66與0.45。

關鍵字

薄膜清洗 ； 薄膜生物反應槽 ； 薄膜積垢 ； P/C比 ； 胞外聚合物

並列摘要

Membrane fouling is most serious problem affecting the system performance during the membrane bioreactor (MBR) process. However, the fouling in MBRs restricts their membrane lifespan because it increases transmembrane pressure (TMP) and reduces permeate flux and increases operating costs. Recently research and development has showed that Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are the major cause of the membrane fouling in the MBR. Therefore, it is necessary for the frequently physical/chemical cleaning (i.e., removable by physical rinsing, physical washing, physical backwashing and chemical cleaning) during the fouling. This study was focused to investigate the concentration of different EPS. Three types of the MBR sludge including RY5, RB5 and W were identified by the proportion of protein/ carbohydrate (P/C) present in the sludge and the MBR(F) would further compared the EPS concentration between the sludge and the fouling layers by different cleanings. The results showed that the P/C in RY5, RB5, W and F is 2.65, 3.78, 2.28 and 3.28, respectively. Also the results showed that the MBR (F) had no change in total membrane resistance with the time varied, but the resistance of the loose cake layer (Rlc), which was taken by membrane rinsing would decrease and the resistance of the dense cake layer (Rdc), which was taken by membrane washing would increase at the same time. Finally, the P/C of the different fouling layers for the sludge, loose cake layer, dense cake layer and internal fouling is 3.28, 2.21, 0.66 and 0.45, respectively.

並列關鍵字

protein/carbohydrate (P/C). ； Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) ； membrane fouling ； membrane cleaning ； Membrane bioreactor (MBR)

參考文獻

Flemming H.C., Schaule G., Mcdonogh R. and Ridgway H.F. (1992) Biofouling and Biocorrosion in Industrial Water Systems, CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Alcamo I.E. (1997) Fundamentals of Microbiology. Benjamin Cummings, Menlo Park , CA Chapter 11.

Bai R. and Leow H.F. (2002) Microfiltraiton of activated sludge wastewater- the effect of system operation parameters. Sep. Purif. Technol., 29 (2), 189-198.

Bouhabila E.H., Aim R.B. and Buisson H. (2001) Fouling characterization in membrane bioreactors. Sep. Purif. Technol., 22/23 (undefined) 123-132.

Bruus J.H., Nielsen P.H. and Keiding K. (1992) On the stability of activated sludge flocs with implications to dewatering. Wat. Res., 26 (12), 1597-1604.