財務報表重編與舞弊風險因子關聯性之研究

Study of Association between Financial Restatements and Fraud Risk Factors

胡詠喬(Yong-Ciao Hu)

指導教授 ： 張慧珊

中原大學/商學院/會計研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900527

摘要

企業編製財務報表最主要目的在於提供企業真實財務狀況與經營成果，給投資人、債權人及其他使用人，以便使用者用於投資、授信及其它類似決策，而今企業所編製的財務報表不實表達，使用工具有誤連帶使得投資人、債權人及其他使用人先前作出的投資決策有了錯誤，此錯誤不僅使得仰賴財務報表的使用人遭受損失，若牽扯層面擴大更使得整個社會付出莫大的社會成本。
財務報表重編係變動先前已公佈之財務報表，此行為也可擴大解釋為財務報表不實表達中的財務報導舞弊。本研究導入舞弊風險因子之考量，辨認出導致其財務報表重編之誘因與壓力與機會等，以瞭解是否可以提早發現財務報表重編之跡象，並進一步深入探討風險因子與報表重編之關連。
本研究選取民國84年至民國96年曾發生財務報表重編之公司，共571個樣本作為實驗組，並採取1:2的配對方式，選取相同產業、重編年度相最接近之資產規模之非重編公司，共1142個樣本作為控制組。

本研究檢示，當公司面臨財務績效不佳之壓力與經理人獎酬制度之誘因，重編之可能性會較高。且當公司外部董事占董事會席次越高之機會公司財務報表重編的可能性會下降，而當董事會規模越大與董監持股比率下降之機會，公司財務報表重編的可能性會較高。而當公司前二年有更換會計師事務所，公司財務報表重編的可能性會較高。

關鍵字

財務報表重編 ； 舞弊風險因子 ； 公司治理

並列摘要

The enterprises prepare the financial statements primarily to provide information for investor, creditor and other uses for decisions-making. If the financial statements do not present fairly, the financial statements will mislead the users in decision-making. The mistakes made in decision-making not only cause the users of financial statements to suffer the loss, but also cause the entire society to pay more social costs.

The financial restatements are the restatement of formerly announced financial statements. This behavior might also be broadly explained as misstatements resulting from fraudulent financial reporting. Therefore, this study tries to explore the relation between fraud risk factors and financial restatements, in order to find the earlier sign of financial restatements.

This research examines a sample of 571 financial restatements of listed company in the period 1995-2007, together with matched pairs control groups of industry, year and similar size. The results indicated that, when the company has worse financial performance and the presence of incentive scheme, the possibility of financial restatement can be higher. Also, when the member of external directors increase, the possibility of financial restatements is lower. Nevertheless, when the member of board of directors increase and ownerships of director are lower, companies would have higher possibility of financial restatements. When the company has replaced the CPA firm in previous two years, the company would have higher possibility of financial restatements.

並列關鍵字

Corporate governance ； Financial restatements ； Fraud risk factors

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