最佳指派運用在生產線平衡之研究

A study of the best assignment application for production balancing

林吳辰皓(Chen-Hau LinWu)

指導教授 ： 周永燦

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2011.00055

摘要

隨著全球化的發展，企業所處的環境每年都在劇烈變化之中，不論是政治、經濟、社會，或是市場、技術等因素影響，每項因素所受到的嚴苛程度一直都在增加中，面對來自世界各地的競爭對手，台灣的背光模組產業已經步入微利時代，如何在激烈競爭環境中繼續存活下去，已經是各公司面臨的重要課題。
過去幾年，國內企業陸續導入「豐田生產系統」都獲得相當不錯的成效，主要因為豐田生產系統的基本思想是「徹底的排除浪費」，當企業能將浪費徹底排除，就可以提高生產力與降低成本，進而提升企業的競爭力。
人工成本屬於固定成本，也是一個產品成本中最主要的部分，如果勞動生產力可以改善，則成本勢必下降。企業常用來衡量生產力的方法為每人每單位時間的產出量，因此藉由工作站最佳指派，使得產出量增加、週期時間縮短及生產線平衡等為本研究的重點。
以最佳指派問題與「豐田生產系統」兩大精神支柱「及時化」和「自働化」等理論基礎，並以個案公司背光模組產業生產模式為例，將組裝線平衡的「指派問題」與「豐田生產系統」中的看板系統相結合，建立一種具有及時性指派的看板系統。
本研究先以傳統的時間研究方法求得初步的組裝線配置及最佳解，再利用匈牙利法與整數規劃找出最適合求解法，以最適任人員作為指派的依據，進一步求得最佳化的產出量。當組裝線異常發生時，生產線主管可運用及時性的看板系統來因應突如其來的變化，運用人員指派的方式避免影響生產週期，達到組裝線平衡的目的。

關鍵字

整數規劃 ； 匈牙利法 ； 人員指派 ； 組裝線平衡

並列摘要

As following as tendency of globalization, enterprises are under a severe circumstance. Facing a dramatic change in no matter what political, economic, social market and technical factors bring about, however, the most part of firms are certainly challenging with this fierce environment and more strong competitors from the world. Therefore, the topic of this dissertation is going to have a specific explanation towards the backlight module industries development in Taiwan.
In the past few years, domestic companies led continually “Toyota Production System” in itself and had respectable effects. Because the basic philosophy of Toyota-Production-System is completely rule out the worse. When companies completely eliminate the worse, they can raise productivity and reduce costs, enhance its competitiveness.
The labor cost is fixed cost, but it is also a major part of production costs. If the labor productivity could be improved, the cost is bound to decline. Business used the methods to measure productivity is per person volume of output per unit of time, so the best assignment make the output increases, cycle time be reduced and assembly line balancing is the focus of this study.
The study includes the base theory of the best assignment problem and two major pillars of spirit “JIT” and “JIDOKA” in “Toyota Production System”. An example of a case company backlight module production patterns combine the assembly line balanced “assignment problem” and kanban system in “Toyota Production System” to establish a timely and kanban assignment system.
First, this study uses the traditional method of time study to obtain assembly lines preliminary configuration. And then use the Hungarian method and the integer programming to identify the most suitable solution as the basis for personnel assigned to the optimal assignment, and further obtain the most best of the output. When assembly line has abnormal occurrence, assembly line supervisor may use the JIT kanban system and personnel assignment to cope with sudden changes. The way use personnel assignment to avoid affecting the production cycle, and achieves assembly line balancing objective.

並列關鍵字

Hungarian method ； integer programming ； Assembly line balancing ； personnel assignment

參考文獻

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