印尼國別化職場華語教材設計研究

A study on the design of country-specific workplace Chinese material for Indonesia

張曉麗(Tjong siau lie)

指導教授 ： 彭妮絲

中原大學/人文與教育學院/應用華語文研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600603

摘要

印尼是一個發展中國家，因國家經濟與職場的問題，許多印尼人會選擇出國工作，而台灣是其中一個嚮往的地方。在1992年就已經有許多印尼勞工開始來台工作了。印尼的華文教育被禁止了長達三十多年的時間，造成許多華人都不會講華語，更不用說印尼非華族。早期的印尼勞工在被派往台灣之前並沒有進行華語的培訓，導致勞工在適應期間不管是日常生活還是工作溝通上都有很大的障礙。
近幾年，印尼仲介公司在勞工出發前都會進行兩個月的華語培訓。培訓內容主要是以日常生活的會話為主，可是因為印尼語本身是無聲調的語言，而且在印尼沒有很好的語言環境，所以很多來到台灣還是沒辦法進行簡單的溝通交流，使得在工作上遇到許多困難與問題。為解決印尼勞工在日常生活或是在工作過程中的華語溝通能力問題，所以研究者以「印尼國別化職場華語教材設計研究」作為研究內容。
本研究對INDOSUARA雜誌社的華語班進行研究探討，並針對在台的印尼勞工進行問卷調查及訪談。從調查結果中發現，印尼勞工的學習需求除了想提高日常生活的華語能力之外，也希望可以通過課堂教學改進自己的發音問題，並想提高自己的漢語讀寫能力。
本研究根據研究結果及學習者的學習需求，採用5C原則和呂必松的六項原則作為教材編寫原則依據，進行教材範例編寫設計，通過教學實驗所得到的教學回饋及專家所提出的意見進行修正。希望此研究成果能為印尼在職場上的語言溝通問題可以得到幫助與改善。

關鍵字

印尼勞工、職場華語、教材編寫、問卷調查、教材設計

並列摘要

As one of the developing countries, Indonesia still deals with some economic and workplace issues which cause its people to prefer working abroad. One of the countries that Indonesians prefer to work in is Taiwan. Since 1992, there have been plenty of Indonesian workers in Taiwan. Chinese language and cultures once had been banned previously in Indonesia for three decades, hence causing many Chinese Indonesians; not mentioning the native Indonesians who cannot communicate using Chinese at all. In the early periods, Indonesian workers that went to Taiwan dealt with communication and daily life problems during the adaptation periods.
Recently, Indonesia labor agencies provide an intensive two months Chinese language training before the workers work in Taiwan. The training sessions are mostly about daily conversation skills. But since the Indonesian language is not tonal, the environment does not support Chinese language developments. Therefore, many problems are encountered by workers in Taiwan due to their difficulties in Chinese language. In order to solve the communication problems either in Indonesian or Chinese labor in daily life, the authors propose a design of textbook related to A study on the design of country-specific workplace Chinese material for Indonesia.
In this study, we analyze the Mandarin courses provided by INDOSUARA magazine and gather the information from Indonesian workers through questionnaires and interviews. The results of this study found that most Indonesian workers not only want to improve their Chinese capability, but also want to improve their pronunciation, reading and writing skills in Chinese language through class teaching.
This study is based on the findings and learning needs of the learners. By using the 5C principles and the six principles by Lv Bisong as the compilation of teaching materials, we propose textbook design examples. We also asked for expert opinions and collect teaching feedbacks from the teaching experiments to be proposed as amendments. We hope this study could help and improve the Chinese skills of Indonesian workers hence minimizing the communication problems in their workplaces.

並列關鍵字

Indonesian workers, workplace chinese, chinese teaching materials, survey, design teaching material

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