製備PDMS/PSF複合薄膜分離土壤地下水中SVE尾氣

Application of PDMS/PSF Composite Membrane in SVE Emission Separation

侯雲祥(Yun-Xiang, Hou)

指導教授 ： 王雅玢 ； 游勝傑 ； 胡蒨傑

中原大學/工學院/環境工程學系/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201700591

摘要

現今環境中，空氣、水、土壤污染問題日益嚴重，其中土壤污染常常伴隨著地下水污染亦說明了土壤與地下水在環境處理方面的難處，目前國內針對於各種污染物處理技術多達19種，其中以土壤氣體抽除法(Solid Vapor Extraction；SVE)最為常用之技術，此方法針對於揮發性有機物處理有巨大的成效，但此技術仍存在尾氣排放之問題，SVE尾氣多為揮發性有機物(Volatile Organic Compounds；VOCs)，目前針對VOCs排放處理技術共分成吸收、吸附、冷凝回收，其中吸附以活性碳吸附為成熟之技術，由於此技術處理效果良好，成本低廉於其他技術，因此廣受歡迎，但此技術因容易達到吸附飽和，因此本研究針對揮發性有機物研發專門用於分離揮發性有機物之氣體分離薄膜，氣體分離膜在薄膜分離領域已取得巨大研究之成果，且其便利成本低廉之特性，作為新興技術廣受歡迎。
本研究使用聚二甲基矽氧烷 (Polydimethylsiloxane，PDMS)作為薄膜材料並且以聚颯 (Polysufone，PSF)作為支撐薄膜研發出PDMS/PSF複合薄膜進行揮發性氣體/空氣分離之實驗，欲將揮發性氣體分離至薄膜滲透端作為實驗之目標。
本研究在實驗模場之實驗結果中使用PDMS/PSF複合薄膜對異戊烷/空氣進行分離其選擇比高達30以上，在測試場址中也看到對VOCs成分有分離之效果，其中氣體種類範圍也包括了二氯甲烷等毒化物質之氣體。長時間監測看出VOCs濃度受制於場址污染特性，其溫度影響較小，薄膜可連續分離之時間為4~5小時。改變進料濃度實驗為-10 cmHg壓力為最佳，薄膜條件以24wt% PDMS、RDS11為最佳。摻合Fumed silica、電漿改質實驗中改變了PDMS/PSF分離之方向，但使用氬氣改質之結果中甲苯仍具有分離之效果。

關鍵字

土壤氣體抽除法 ； 揮發性有機物 ； 複合薄膜 ； 薄膜改質

並列摘要

In recent years, environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious, include air, water and soil pollution. Solid Vapor Extraction (SVE) is effective to solve the pollutant, such as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), but SVE have some disadvantage about the emission gas. In the present, the activated carbons always to disposal VOCs. It is high effective and low cost to disposal VOCs, but it is easy to achieve the saturation of adsorption, so this study will to develop the new membrane to disposal the VOCs. Gas separation membrane in the field of membrane separation have a great achievements in the study, and it is low cost and convenient.
In this study, PDMS / PSF composite membrane was developed by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as membrane material and polysulfone (PSF) as a supporting membrane for volatile gas/air separation. The gas was separated into the permeate side of the membrane as the target of the experiment. In this study, the use of PDMS / PSF to separate isopentane/air, it selective 30 or more than up. In the test site also see the membrane have effective to separate VOCs, which also includes dichloromethane and other toxic substances of the gas. Long time monitoring in the separation shows VOCs concentrations effect with pollute of the site, but the temperature did not obviously effect VOCs concentration. The membrane can separate VOCs until 4 hours later. The PDMS/PSF membrane have some best results. The pressure is -10 cmHg, the PDMS concentration is 24wt% and membrane thickness is 25.15 um. In experiment, the modification PDMS/PSF composite membrane that change separation path by the fumed silica and plasma. In the modification of plasma with argon, the membrane have same effect at Toluene, it can illustrate the separation path dose not change.

並列關鍵字

SVE ； VOCs ； PDMS/PSF ； Membrane modification

參考文獻

[25]施証耀, "以乙炔/氮氣電漿改質高分子氣體分離膜之研究," 中原大學化學工程研究所學位論文, pp. 1-93, 2001.

[37]傑智環境科技股份有限公司, "98年度經濟部工業局清潔生產技術徵選," 2009.

[24]鍾宜庭, "聚二甲基矽氧烷/聚偏二氟乙烯複合薄膜中 添加劑對滲透蒸發效能之影響," 中原大學化學工程研究所學位論文, pp. 1-128, 2011.

[7]梁書豪, 簡華逸, 郭育嘉, 楊宗翰, and 高志明, "土壤及地下水整治技術發展簡介," 中山大學.

[3]Merk, "Toluene " 2003.