跨文化差異、國際採購策略與工業購買行為影響因素之研究—以台灣電源供應器企業為例

Cross-cultural Difference, International Procurement Strategy and Industrial Buying Behavior Factors— The Empirical Study of Taiwan’s Switching Power Supply Enterprises

陳玉如(Yu-Ju Chen)

指導教授 ： 呂鴻德

中原大學/商學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700634

摘要

論文摘要
我國電源供應器產值全球排名第一，國內廠商眾多，產品應用領域廣泛，為同業競相爭取的廣大市場。 在競爭如此激烈的環境下，業者如果深入了解客戶所需並結合(time to market)概念成為世界資訊產品供應商，時間及成本為最大競爭力的考量。
有鑑於此，本研究旨在探討電源供應器採購部門國際採購策略類型、採購策略因素、採購評估準則與工業購買行為並加入跨文化的差異變數做差異比較，並以A-公司之採購部門作為研究對象，採實證分析之方法加以驗證。
本研究係依據第一章節所述研究背景後透過對國內外相關文獻的探討，進行相關的研究假設。本研究對A-公司的客戶之採購部們共寄發200份問卷，回收有效問卷104 份，經由敘述性統計分析、因素分析、t 檢定、Wilks’ Lambda適配性分析等統計分析方法，歸納出數點重要的實證結論，依序重點敘述如下：
一、 採購部門「國際採購策略類型」對「採購策略因素」，存在顯著性差異。
「國際採購策略類型」對「企業內部因素」，存在顯著性差異；「國際採購策略類型」對「環境因素」及「市場因素」無顯著性差異。
主動或被動型策略類型都對企業內部因素中之尋求人力資源因素、企業特定因素考量(如成本、品質、交運)產生顯著差異的影響，市場因素中之消費者行為和需求之同質化、市場基本供給及科技的發展產生差異與環境因素之進出口法規產生顯著的差異。
二、 採購部門「主動型國際採購策略類型」「被動型國際採購策略類型」對「採購評估準則」的評價因素，無顯著性差異。
主動或被動型策略類型都對產品評估之價格更低的產品、產品的技術產生顯著差異的影響，供應商評估中之縮短新產品與製程的週期時間、更準時的交運貨物、通貨匯率及供應商的互動產生顯著差異。
三、 採購部門「主動型國際採購策略類型」對「工業購買行為」，有顯著性差異，「被動型國際採購策略類型」對「工業購買行為」，無顯著性差異。
四、 歐美與亞洲地區採購部門「主動型國際採購策略類型」「被動型國際採購策略類型」對「採購策略因素」、「採購評估準則」、「工業購買行為」，存在顯著性差異。

關鍵字

工業購買行為 ； 電源供應器 ； 採購策略因素 ； 採購評估準則 ； 國際採購策略類型 ； 跨文化差異

並列摘要

Taiwan is the # 1 swithing power supplies all over the world. The demands of the different power adapters are high and various but there is still a big competition among numerous of suppliers that are existed. Under such circumstance, the power suppliers necessary deeper understand customer’s requirement together with “time to market” concept and than become worldwide switching power supplier. Other than that, time and costs will be the best advantages among the competition.
Due to this, our purpose for this research is concerning to the organization purchasing / procurement and special focus on international purchasing strategy, assessment criteria for international purchasing, factors influencing the company’s purchasing strategy and practice, and use A company as research partner and running a survey an analysis the result.
The research is written according to the first chapter base on the background from the international and local market survey and other relevant literature. The research result is gather base on A company sent out 200 surveys to it clients and there are 104 survey are filled and returned back for complete the research. After descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, Wilks’ Lambda analysis of variance, there are 4 main factors as hereunder:
1) There is a significant relationship between “proactive global purchasing strategy type” and “assessment criteria for international purchasing”； a significant relationship between “global purchasing strategy type “ and “organizational factor”。 However, there is no significant relationship between “global purchasing strategy type” and “market factor” and “environmental factor”。 Proactive and reactive strategy types have significant different in between labor force, organization factors (such as materials cost, quality and transportation), clients structure of attitude and requirement, market base requirement and technology development; and the environment factor of change regulation of import and export.
2) There is no any purchasing analysis standard in between “proactive global purchasing strategy type” and “reactive global purchasing strategy type”.
Proactive and reactive strategy types have same significant different for low cost products, low technical skill products, eliminated the new product design and produce period, more accurate lead time, currency exchange rate and the relationship between supplier and client.
3) There is significant differentiation “proactive global purchasing strategy type” and “manufacture purchasing attitude”; however, there is no different between “reactive global purchasing strategy type” and “manufacture purchasing attitude.”
4) There is huge significant differentiation between European and American countries and Asia on “proactive global purchasing strategy type” and “reactive global purchasing strategy type” in between “purchasing strategy factor”, “purchasing analysis standard” and “manufacture purchasing attitude.”

並列關鍵字

manufacture purchasing attitude ； purchasing analysis standard ； switching power supply ； cross culture differentiation ； assessment criteria for international purchasing ； international purchasing strategy

參考文獻

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