營建工程職業災害刑事鑑定之研究

A Study of Expert Examination Regarding to Occupation Accidents in Civil Engineering

沈育全(Yu-Chiuan Shen)

指導教授 ： 劉秉鈞

中原大學/商學院/財經法律研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700845

摘要

由於營建工程職業災害之刑事鑑定仍是屬於一般刑事鑑定之範疇，因此，本文將首先探討「鑑定」在刑事責任認定上所扮演之角色，並且釐清刑事鑑定所可能涉及之基本問題。

其次，本文將介紹營建工程之基本概念，以及營建工程職業災害之概念，釐清何謂營建工程職業災害，發生營建工程職業災害的原因究竟有哪些？營建工程職業災害發生之後責任的歸屬情況，應負起之法律責任為何？究竟何人該為營建工程職業災害負起責任？以及藉由實際發生之案例說明實務上之真正狀況。

此外，對於營建工程職業災害，經常出現的「勞動檢查報告」，因為在法院實務之運作上，經常扮演著決定法院判決結果的角色，本文將介紹「勞動檢查報告」之實質內容，以及對其法律性質加以探討，分析其究竟屬於何種證據類型。最後將藉由對於法院判決書之檢討，來探討究竟該報告對於法院之判決是否產生一定程度之影響，本文將嘗試從分析與歸納實務案例之類型，檢討近年來法院在相關問題上所做成之判決的妥當性。

最後在處理刑事政策方向之問題上，將介紹美國與日本在刑事鑑定之立法例，以及介紹我國即將實施的「專家參審」制度，分析該制度可能造成之利弊得失，期望能建構出刑事鑑定之合理化制度，進而做為學說、實務解釋與運作之方向，並且提供立法者做為未來立法之參考。

關鍵字

鑑定 ； 證據法 ； 職業災害 ； 專家證人 ； 營造業 ； 營建工程 ； 勞動檢查報告 ； 刑事訴訟法 ； 營繕工程

並列摘要

Expert Examination Regarding to Occupation Accidents in Civil Engineering belongs to the category of general Expert Examination; consequently, this study will first examine the role played by Expert Examination in determining the responsibility for a crime and will elaborate on the fundamental aspects in which Expert Examination may involve.

Secondly, this writing will introduce the basic concepts of the Civil Engineering together with Occupation Accidents in Civil Engineering to gain a better understanding of what is Occupation Accidents in Civil Engineering and to illustrate the causes of Occupation Accidents in Civil Engineering. After the accidents have occurred, where do various responsibilities lie, and among them, what are considered liable? Who should be held accountable for Occupation Accidents in Civil Engineering? By analyzing real cases happened in the past, this study will demonstrate how criminal responsibility in each case was actually determined.

Moreover, this study will focus on the “Reports of Labor Examination” which often appear in cases that involve Occupation Accidents in Civil Engineering because they play a decisive role in the actual practice of the court when handing down judgments. The content of the “Reports of Labor Examination” will be introduced and its legal character will be assessed in order to determine what kind of the evidence it is.

Finally, by reviewing court verdicts, the question in regards to what extent these reports have affected the court’s judgments will be discussed. This study attempts to analyze actual court cases and make inductions from them in order to examine the appropriateness as well as implications of the court’s judgments in recent years. Finally, in regards to criminal code legislation policy, this study will provide examples from Expert Examination legislative procedures in the United States and Japan, and will also introduce ‘Expert Trial’, a system which our nation will implement before long. Merits and demerits of this system will be analyzed in hope that a more reasonable system of Expert Examination can be established that will become guidelines for doctrines, interpretations, and operations while at the same time providing reference for future lawmakers.

並列關鍵字

Evidence ； Expert Examination ； Occupation Accidents ； Expert Witnesses ； Civil Engineering ； Witness For The Defense ； Labor Inspection Law ； The Code Of Criminal Procedure

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