漢語周圍格介詞與其教學語法研究

Prepositions of Circumstantial Roles in Chinese and their Pedagogical Grammar

王涵德(Han-Te Wang)

指導教授 ： 鄧守信

中原大學/人文與教育學院/應用華語文研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600064

摘要

本文從Jespersen(1924)開始尋找介詞與格的定義，旁參分布論、原型理論以及漢語介詞的標準論，並決定以Fillmore(1968)、Teng(1975)的格語法作為理論基礎按照語義區分介詞，並同意了格語法學派認為介詞是周圍格格標的說法。

區分了各種類的介詞並剔除掉不符合定義的介詞之後，接著是偏誤分析以及介詞的教學語法，希望本文對教學現場的介詞教學能夠提供正面助益。

漢語介詞迄今沒有明確的定義，同樣的在英語對於介詞也沒有足夠權威的詮釋。因此無論是漢語或英語的語法書都只能給介詞的功能做說明，本文在這樣的學術環境下將要探討兩個問題：其一，是要討論漢語介詞的現有系統以及各種語法理論嘗試定義漢語介詞。其二是建立漢語介詞的教學語法系統。

我們從最早試圖建立介詞與格標之間關係的Jespersen (1924)開始討論，然後從原型理論試圖推敲介詞的屬性。最後我們依循Fillmore (1968)與Teng(1975)的格框架試圖建立格標與介詞之間的關係。

在以格語法方法排除掉不符合我們定義的介詞之後，我們提出了符合我們定義的漢語介詞分類以及其教學語法與偏誤分析。希望本文能在以漢語做為第二語言教學的領域中提供教師們的參考。

關鍵字

介詞 ； 格語法 ； 詞類教學

並列摘要

There are to date no clear definitions of prepositions in modern Chinese,nor can we find authoritative sources of discussions of their counterparts in modern English. Thus most grammar books of either Chinese or English provide us with only plausible descriptions of the functions of Chinese prepositions.

Under these scholarly circumstances, this thesis is written to explore two goals, the first of which is to investigate the various theories on the existing systems of Chinese prepositions and to attempt a workable definition of Chinese prepositions, the second is to establish a pedgagogical grammar of Chinese prepositions.

We begin with Jespersen (1924) seems to be one of the earliest literature that attempts to establish a positive link between prepositions and cases markers. Then we
proceed to look into the properties of prepositions within the Prototype Theory. Finally we follow the frameworks of Fillmore (1968), Teng (1975) and other writings in our attempt to establish interactions between prepositions and case markers within the theoretical basis of case grammar .

On the basis of these semantic approaches, we propose a case grammar approach that defines prepositions in modern Chinese case markers. After we distinguish the various types of prepositions and weed out those that do not meet the definitions , we did error analysis and pedagogical grammar of Chinese prepositions It is my hope that this thesis could shed some light in the pedagogy of prepositions in the field of teaching Chinese as a second language.

並列關鍵字

Preposition ； Case Grammar ； Teaching of part of speech

參考文獻

王楚蓁（2008）。現代漢語詞類劃分與教學語法。臺北：國立臺灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文（未出版）。

葉信鴻（2009）。現代漢語助動詞的界定與教學應用。臺北：國立臺灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文（未出版）。

Jesperson, O. (1924). The Philosophy of Grammar. London: George Allen & Unwin, Ltd.

Croft, W. (1991). Syntactic Categories and Grammatical Relations. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.

Croft, W. (2001). Radical Construction Grammar Syntactic Theory in Typological Perspective . Oxford University Press .