照明形式與色溫度對工作者的情緒與工作績效之影響—以直管型螢光燈為例

Effects of Illumination Type and Color Temperatures on Office Worker’s Emotion and Task Performance─a case of fluorescent tubes

李冠慧(Guan-Huei Li)

指導教授 ： 謝明燁

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600091

摘要

光，能為空間營造舒適的視覺感受，帶來耳目一新的氣氛。科技日新月異，人工照明已從早期傳統燈泡，發展到以節能省電環保為導向的世界趨勢，人工照明無形之中已成為生活環境中不可或缺的光源。現代人由於生活繁忙，待在室內的時間遠超過在戶外活動的時間，如何營造健康舒適的照明環境極為重要。現代人因工作繁忙，生活壓力越來越大，如何藉由良好的光環境，改善與抒解工作及升學所帶來的壓力疲勞，已經成為這個社會急需探討的課題。照明設計的目的主要可分為「明視」與「氣氛」兩種。明視與照度高低有關，影響工作者的視覺能力及疲勞；氣氛與色溫度與光分佈有關，影響工作者的心理情緒。本研究將以貼近真實工作情境的實驗設定，以及固定用電量的基準條件下，重新探討不同照度、色溫度的照明環境與照明形式下，工作者的心理情緒與工作績效之差異。本研究將實驗後的視覺類比量表(VAS)、盤斯心情量表(POMS)之問卷以及視覺作業行為等資料轉換為數據，以SPSS統計軟體進行分析，以探討照明形式、色溫度、照度與時間因子對工作者的情緒與工作績效是否有統計上顯著的影響。

本研究結果顯示(1)色溫度3000K比6500K更有助於讓工作者在辦公環境中感到滿意、有精神、不刺眼。(2)以直接照明搭配水平面平均照度365~397lx與間接照明搭配平均照度504~518lx的照明環境，最讓工作者感到舒適、滿意且不疲勞。(3)在長時間的工作環境中，工作者在高照度下，正向情緒易提升，反之，休息時間則喜好低照度的環境。(4)色溫度3000K搭配水平面平均照度266~397lx與色溫度6500K搭配平均照度504~774lx的照明環境組合，最能提升工作績效。(5)八種照明環境中，直接照明-3000K-397lx與間接照明-6500K-504lx的照明環境，最易使工作者提升工作績效、滿意度並紓解壓力。(6) 間接照明-6500K-247lx的組合模式，易使工作者感到不舒適、疲勞，且工作效率低，是最不理想的辦公照明環境。

關鍵字

照明 ； 照明形式 ； 色溫度 ； 照度 ； 心理 ； 評價

並列摘要

Light, could create comfortable visual perception for space, bringing in the pleasant change of atmosphere. Along with the ever-changing technology, artificial illumination has been developing from early traditional bulb to the world trend of the orientation of energy-saving, electricity-saving and environmental protection. The artificial illumination has imperceptibly become the indispensable light source in life environment. Owing to the life style of modern people is very busy, the time staying indoors is far longer than outdoor activities. Therefore, how to create a healthy and comfortable illumination environment is very important. Because of the modern people is always busy at work, their life are under pressure ever-stronger. Therefore, how to improve and alleviate the stress and fatigue caused by work and entering a higher grade school through a good light environment has become the subject in urgent need of exploration for this society. The purpose of illumination design is mainly separated into this two types: “luminance”and “atmosphere”. Luminance is related to the high or low value of the illuminance, affecting the visual ability and fatigue of the workers; while atmosphere is related to the color temperature and the distribution of light, influencing the psycho-emotion of the workers. This research will use an experimental setting of closing to real work context and under the base condition of fixed power consumption to review the differences of psycho-emotion and work performance of the workers under different illumination environments and types of different illuminance and color temperature. This research transfers the questionnaires of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Profile of Mood State (POMS) after the experiment as well as the material about visual behavior into data, and then, analyzing them by the SPSS software so as to explore whether the factors of illumination type, color temperature, illuminance and time against the emotion and task performance of the workers exist the affection of statistical significance.

The results of this research display that: (1) Color temperature 3000K is better than 6500K in the respect of helping the workers feel satisfied and vigorous as well as of not dazzling in the office environment; (2) The illumination environment of the combinations of “direct illumination + average level illuminance 365~397lx” and“indirect illumination + average level illuminance 504~518lx” can let the workers feel comfortable, satisfied and far from fatigue; (3) When in the environment of long time working, the workers tend to elevate their positive mood under high illuminance. Contrarily, when in the leisure time, the environment of low illuminance is preferred; (4) The combination of illumination environment of “3000K + average level illuminance 266~397lx” and “6500K + average level illuminance 504~774lx” can elevate the task performance to the best; (5) Among the eight illumination environments, the “direct illumination + 3000K + 397lx” and “indirect illumination + 6500K + 504lx” are the best to make the workers to elevate their task performance and satisfaction as well as to release their stress; (6) The combination models of the “indirect illumination + 6500K + 247lx” tend to let the workers feel uncomfortable and in fatigue as well as low work efficiency, which therefore are the worst illumination environment in the office.

並列關鍵字

Lighting ； illumination type ； Color temperature ； Illuminance ； Psychology ； Evaluation

參考文獻

8.邱冠升(2011)，《不同色溫度下照明環境對視覺疲勞影響之研究》，成功大學建築研究所碩士論文。

20.賴少甄(2009)《室內照明之光與熱心理反應研究》，中原大學室內設計研究所碩士論文。

16.葉明翰(2010)，《照明之色溫度與照度組合對閱讀行為時主觀評價之影響》，中原大學建築研究所碩士論文。

15.陳勇偈(2012)，《直接與間接照明佈光形式對空間主觀評價的影響》，中原大學建築研究所碩士論文。

13.許昭敏(2013)，《照明環境的色溫度因子對使用者主觀評價之影響》，中原大學建築研究所碩士論文。