透過您的圖書館登入
IP:18.221.129.19
  • 學位論文

以鈀/高密度聚乙烯觸媒及氫氣在超臨界二氧化碳中降解2﹐4-二溴聯苯

Reduction of 2,4- Dibromobiphenyl by Palladium/High-density polyethylene with Hydrogen Gas in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

指導教授 : 葉華光

摘要


多溴聯苯(PBBs,Polybrominated biphenyls)在自然界的存在對人體健康有害,當物質由工廠或桶裝、瓶裝等容器釋放出來時,就會排放到環境中,將多溴聯苯暴露到空氣裡,還有當你接觸到它或是經由呼吸、攝取含有多溴聯苯的食物或飲料,甚至是皮膚接觸等等都有可能讓多溴聯苯進入體內,對人體健康造成傷害。 本研究利用將高密度聚乙烯置於高壓槽中,溫度130℃,超臨界二氧化碳壓力為200atm,反應3小時後,讓壓力於幾秒內降至常壓下,再將微孔洞HDPE及palladium hexafluoroacetylacetonate置於高壓槽中, 使用90℃的溫度,於超臨界二氧化碳100atm下,再反應3小時,最後快速洩壓於常壓,之後將氫氣導入高壓槽中,並在溫度 90℃下維持約10分鐘,製作成我們本次研究所需要的觸媒。 透過Pd/HDPE(Palladium hexafluoroacetylacetonate High-density polyethylene)為觸媒降解多溴聯苯當中的2,4- dibromobiphenyl,使其在高溫下可以降解成毒性較低的bicyclohexane(雙環己烷)、biphenyl(聯苯)、cyclohexylbenzene(環己苯),並且透過加入內標法定量在各個溫度、壓力、流速下或是回收體積等等各種變因中的降解後殘留百分比。開發出一種可以有效降解多溴聯苯的方法,而且我們發現,研究中的反應時間相比其他研究優化許多,甚至對於相同降解時間的光降解研究而言,本研究(99.4%)降解率也比該研究(91.3%)高。在溫度上本研究只需要90゚C的溫度就可以對二溴聯苯進行降解,相較於雜多酸鋅鹽催化反應的320゚C高溫而言,本研究較為節能。 透過本研究可以使二溴聯苯降解的更完全,使用節能又對環境無害的超臨界二氧化碳萃取法透過這樣的方法,讓連生物都難分解的二溴聯苯有機汙染物能更有效的降解成對環境較無害的產物。

並列摘要


Under this study, we use the high-pressure tank into the HDPE the temperature is greater than 130 ℃ under pressure 200atm, the reaction for 3 hours, after which the pressure was decreased to atmospheric conditions in a matter of seconds, the microporous HDPE hole into the high pressure vessel and palladium hexafluoroacetylacetonate, with greater than 90 ℃ in temperature, pressure 100atm, and then reacted for 3 hours, and finally at atmospheric pressure rapidly, then the high pressure hydrogen gas is introduced into said groove, and at 90 ℃ maintaining about 10 minutes, the experiment produced a catalyst we need. Before making use of the catalyst Pd / HDPE will be placed in a supercritical system, the use of 90 degrees and the pressure 200atm the reaction for 8 hours and then extraction with a flow rate of 0.3 to 0.5 of the supercritical carbon dioxide charged 300ml six hours, then using gas chromatography Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with previously by the standard Bicyclohexane, Cyclohexylbenzene, Biphenyl, 2,4-Dibiromobiphenyl and 4 - chlorobiphenyl make the calibration curve, to match the standard method quantitatively obtain optimum catalyst degradation rate of 99.4%.

參考文獻


71. 桂椿雄,超臨界流體之簡介,科儀新知,1994,11(4)44-48。
69. 吳俊毅,2003以超臨界二氧化碳萃取海豹油之研究,國立成功大學化學研究所碩士論文。
13. Lynn B. Willett, Constance J. Brumm, Cynthia L. Williams J. Agric. Food Chem., 1978, 26 (1), pp 122–125。
2. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2010, 44 (16), pp 6068–6073 Publication Date:July 22,2010 Copyright © 2010 American Chemical Society。
6. Hale,Robert C.,et al. "Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in the North American environment." Environment International 29.6 (2003):771-779。

延伸閱讀