領導風格對研發績效之關聯性研究 —以人格特質為情境變項

A Study on the Relationship between Leadership and R&D's Performance:Personality Traits as Moderating Variables

陳淑卿(Shu-Ching Chen)

指導教授 ： 諸承明

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400069

摘要

摘 要
本研究主題為領導風格對研發績效的關聯性，以人格特質為干擾變項。針對台灣食品飲料產業之研發人員，採以問卷調查的方式，共發放450份問卷，有效問卷300份，有效回收率為66.7%，經整理結論分別闡述說明如下。
(1)轉換式領導風格對總研發績效，除了無顯著的相關性，亦未達顯著的差異水準，但研發主管的魅力影響、共享願景，對研發者在成本的控制與符合顧客滿意度等績效，有顯著的正相關。
(2)交易式領導對研發速度、研發成本、顧客滿意度與總研發績效，有顯著的正相關，其中，除了交易式領導風格與研發成本未達顯著的差異水準外，交易式領導風格對研發速度、顧客滿意度與總研發績效，皆達顯著的差異水準。
(3)交易式領導構面中，主動式例外管理分別對研發成本、顧客滿意度、總研發績效呈現顯著的正相關 ; 被動式例外管理分別對研發速度、研發創新、顧客滿意度、取得專利數、總研發績效有顯著的正相關 ; 權變獎酬分別對研發成本、顧客滿意度、總研發績效呈現顯著的正相關。其中，被動式例外管理對研發速度、研發創新、取得專利數及總研發績效等，有顯著的差異水準。
(4)內外控取向對研發績效各構面與總研發績效，皆達顯著正相關，且內外控取向對研發速度、研發創新、顧客滿意度、總研發績效等，皆呈現顯著的差異水準。
(5)風險偏好對研發績效各構面與總研發績效之關係，皆達顯著正相關，且風險偏好對研發成本、研發速度、研發創新、取得專利數、總研發績效等，皆呈現顯著的差異水準。
(6)內控程度高、高成就動機導向及高風險偏好的研究員，其研發績效皆較內控程度低、低成就動機導向及低風險偏好之研究人員績效來得高。
(7)研發主管不論採以轉換型領導或交易型領導，隨著領導程度越高，對內控取向低的研究員、低成就動機導向的研發人員、低風險偏好的研發人員，其研發績效皆有明顯提高的表現。
(8)內外控取向、成就動機導向、風險偏好等三種人格特質，對領導風格與研發績效之間的關係，具有干擾的作用。

關鍵字

研發績效 ； 人格特質 ； 交易式領導 ； 轉換式領導

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is about the correlation of leadership style to R&D's performance with personality traits as moderating variables. For the researcher in Taiwanese food beverage industry, questionnaire survey method is adopted and 450 copies of questionnaires were issued, among which 300 copies are valid and the effective recovery rate is 66.7%. Research results are summarized and separately elaborated as follows .
(1) The transformational leadership has not significant correlation with the R&D's performance. However, Idealized influence and provide vision of R&D leader have significant positive correlation with the R&D's cost control and customer satisfaction of the products.
(2) The transactional leadership has significant positive correlation with the R&D's speed, cost, customer satisfaction and total performance, among which the correlation of transaction leadership has significant with R&D's speed,customer satisfaction and total performance.
(3) In the transactional leadership dimension, active management by exception has significant positive correlation with R&D's cost, customer satisfaction and total performance. Passive management by exception has significant positive correlation with R&D's speed, innovation, customer satisfaction, the number of patents and total performance. Contingency reward has significant positive correlation with R&D's cost, customer satisfaction and total performance, among which the correlation of passive management by exception with R&D's speed, innovation, the number of patent and total performance have significant influence.
(4) The locus of control has significant positive correlation with all dimensions of R&D’S performance and total R&D's performance, and correlation with R&D's cost, speed, innovation, the number of patents and total performance .
(5) Risk preference has significant positive correlation with the relationship of all dimensions of R&D's performance and total performance, and the correlation of risk preference on R&D's cost, speed, innovation, the number of patents and total performance has significant influence.
(6) The researcher with high locus of control , high achievement orientation and high risk preference have better performance than those with low locus of control, low achievement orientation and low risk preference.
(7) Transformational or transaction leadership , the increasing leadership strength can significantly improve the performance of researcher with low locus of control,low achievement orientation and low risk preference.
(8) The three personality traits of locus of control,achievement orientation and risk preference have moderating effects between leadership style and R&D's performance.

並列關鍵字

R&D's Performance ； transformational leadership ； transactional leadership ； personality traits

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