- 學位論文
調控呼吸對心率變異度影響之即時分析系統
A real-time analysis system for studying heart rate variation with respiratory regulation
摘要
本研究之目的為開發心率變異度(heart rate variability, HRV)即時分析系統，以之探討呼吸調控對心率變異度之影響。即時分析系統包含: (一) 心電圖擷取模組，以雙電極式獲取類比心電圖訊號；(二) 即時演算分析模組，將類比心電圖訊號轉換成數位形式，偵測並計算心跳間期，經重新取樣及快速傅立葉轉換將心電圖由時域轉換成頻域，更於同時計算心跳間期之標準差(standard deviation of normal to normal, SDNN)；(三) 顯示介面模組，以之將所擷取之訊號與演算結果繪圖呈現，並可將分析結果傳輸至電腦儲存。以市售心電圖模擬機產生之訊號作為輸入源進行系統驗證，結果顯示心跳間期偵測誤差率與誤差值分別為3.77 %與0.33 %，HRV的頻域分析的結果與市售心電圖分析儀CheckMyHeart (達楷生醫科技公司)雷同。在呼吸調控的探討上，每組實驗量測10位受試者，使其進行特定呼吸模式，項目含頻率、時間及姿勢。結果顯示高頻呼吸調控對自律神經有抑制作用，長時間低頻呼吸調控則有提升自律神經活性之效果，躺姿較坐姿能有效輔助呼吸調控達到人體放鬆狀態。總言之，本研究已研發完成心率變異度即時分析雛型系統，並以之量測計算調控呼吸對改變自律神經狀態的探討，相信此系統有朝一日可成為一項非侵入式監測吾人日常生活自律神經狀態的工具。
並列摘要
The goal of this work is to develop a real-time analysis system for studying heart rate variability (HRV) in response to respiratory regulation. This system is comprised of three components: an acquisition module of electrocardiogram (ECG), a calculating module for real-time analysis and a liquid-crystal display (LCD) module. The acquisition module is used for acquiring analog ECG signals. The calculation module converts the analog ECG to digital form, detects R-waves of ECG, calculates R-R intervals (RRI), re-samples RRI and then transforms the re-sampled RRI to frequency domain via fast Fourier transform software. Standard deviation of normal to normal intervals was calculated in time-domain by the calculation module at the same time. All the information including the acquired ECG, calculated statistics and plots were displayed on the LCD and stored in a computer through universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter. To verify the developed system, a commercial ECG generator, FLUKE MPS450, was used to produce normal ECG. The results show that the standard error and the standard deviation of RRI measured by the real-time analysis system were 3.77 % and 0.33 %, respectively. The ECG from MPS450 and human subjects were analyzed by the developed system and a commercial system (CheckMyHeart, DailyCare Biomedical). The HRV of the acquired ECG were calculated and then converted to frequency domain. The HRV frequency spectra for both systems were very similar. For the studies of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity upon respiratory regulation, three factors were taken into account: respiratory rate (6 and 20 breathing/minute) and elapse time (2 and 5 minutes) of respiration regulation and lying/sitting position of subjects. Each study involved ten subjects. The results show that the ANS activity was inhibited by the fast respiratory rate (i.e. 20 breathing/minute) and was activated by the long elapse time (i.e. 5 minutes) with the 6 breathing/minute respiratory rate. It is obvious that the parasympathetic system of the subjects in lying position was activated by the respiratory regulation compared to those sitting on a chair. In conclusion, a prototype real-time analysis system for HRV measurement is accomplished; and it is capable of automatically providing information for analyzing ANS activity in response to respiratory regulation. The system has potential to provide a non-invasive mean to analyze ANS activity in our daily life.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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