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  • 學位論文

能源稅之3E影響評估 —可計算一般均衡模型之應用—

The Impact of Energy Tax on Taiwan’s Economy - A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis

指導教授 : 蘇漢邦
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摘要


摘 要 全球經濟成長的趨勢下,人類所從事的經濟活動日益活絡,其所形成的溫室氣體散播在大氣層中無法相互抵消。地球生態平衡也因此拉起嚴重的警報。京都議定書已於2005年2月16日正式生效,各國為因應氣侯變遷即將邁入新紀元,藉由國際間合作的方式,進而有效防制溫室氣體的排放。 綠色租稅的題材,已形成當代的風潮,各國政府想藉由環境相關性稅收,進而達到環境環境保護與經濟並重的目的。自1990年起北歐各國陸續以碳稅或能源稅的方式來抑制溫室氣體的排放,連結了生態環境與社會經濟同步發展。2001年後歐盟國家也陸續跟進並制定改革政策。我國政府預計將於2008年實施能源稅制的課徵,屆時對我國社會經濟必定會產生重大變化。能源稅制的建立與徵收是將經濟活動所造成的環境外部成本作內部化,其可反映跨世代的使用者成本,使稅收政策兼顧產業競爭力及所得分配。租稅制度中立後,預期將能全面降低所得稅,擴大稅基,並建立低稅負環境,改善投資環境,提升國際競爭力。 本研究以能源稅為研究方向,運用可計算一般均衡模型(Computable General Equilibrium, CGE, model),透過能源機制、投資分配與動態預期的建立,來評估能源稅與核能除役政策對國內經濟環境、福利效果、二氧化碳減量成本及能源消費結構之影響,並檢視初級能源市場的需求變化。其結果顯示,能源稅稅制的推動,在不同層面之經濟效益為最差;而加入核能延後除役政策之考量下,對於國內經濟體系所呈現之效果具正面之影響,藉以減緩能源稅所造成之衝擊。

並列摘要


ABSTRACT Economic action brings the bloom of society. Comparatively, our earth pays the cost of environment. It is being unable to offset that greenhouse gas caused dissemination in the atmosphere. Ecological systems draw serious alarms as well. Kyoto Climate Protocol had been struck on February 16, 2005. Counties of the world will enter into a new epoch, due to altering phonology. Every county will attempt to control theirselves greenhouse discharges through international cooperation and monitoring of eachother. Green taxes come into being contemporary agitation. The governments of the world want to establish environmental tax revenues, in order to achieve two purposes; to protect the environment and to promote the economy. Since 1990, Northern Europe’s countries used the CO2 tax and energy tax to suppress the greenhouse gas discharge, improve ecological environment and develop social economy. After 2001 the European Union countries also one after another followed up and executed reform policies.Our government will implement energy tax system in 2008. It will certainly be a change in our social economy. Energy Tax policy shows that external cost of environment should be comprised in economic cost. Energy tax is the object of study in the essay. We make use of the CGE model, energy formula, invest formula and moving anticipate formula, to estimate energy tax and nuclear energy delete dismantled causes coverage in economic environment, societal welfare, CO2 draftaged cost and consumption construction of energy. Its result reveals the economic benefits of the different aspects of the energy tax for being worst; the nuclear energy is postponed except that the battle policy is considered, and the better benefiting and results with the reduction of the cost of social outside the economic welfare.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


何佩樺(2010)。我國溫室氣體減量策略之環境與經濟影響評估-以能源稅為例〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000241

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