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  • 學位論文

韋恩振盪電路非理想效應之改善

Non-ideal Effect and Improvement of Wien Oscillators

指導教授 : 張俊明

摘要


摘要   研究如何使電路輸出訊號精準一直是電路設計的目標,在電路設計中我們經常使用的是理想電路模型,但是使用理想電路去做設計會造成輸出訊號有所偏差,所以使用非理想的電路去做電路之設計是本篇論文研究之方向。 在第二章節中,主要介紹各種電流式主動元件,首先將介紹Nullor model,然後再介紹第二代電流傳輸器(CCII)、第三代電流控制傳輸器(CCIII)及運算轉導放大器(OTA)第二代電流控制傳輸器(CCCII) 、第二代全差動電流傳輸器(FDCCII)等電流式主動元件,以利往後各章節的分析與應用。 在第三章節中,主要介紹可調式主動元件,首先介紹的可調式主動元件為運算放大器:運算轉導放大器(Operational Transconductance Amplifier:簡稱OTA),運算轉導放大器的理論為:利用輸入的電壓差動訊號,經元件的內部電路,依照比例的關係放大輸入訊號,改變成為輸出的電流訊號,輸出電流放大的比例與內部電路的轉導值有密切的關係,在本章節中將會針對運算轉導放大器(OTA)的基本特性;開、閉迴路特性;操作頻率與轉導值的大小的相關性;以及最後的理想及非理想效應探討來做分析理解,藉以應証運算轉導放大器(OTA)具有可調性以及穩定的電路特性。 在第四章節中,主要是介紹振盪器的原理以及各種類型的振盪器,還有以往學者所提出之振盪電路,第二代電流傳輸器(CCII)在設計上優越特性,從1975年A. M. Soliman 提出以一個CCII+為主動元件。運算轉導放大器在電路設計上具備許多優點,如運算轉導放大器可由偏壓電流IB調整、可取代電路中的電阻,因此非常適合電路的機體化。 在第五章節中,主要是介紹韋恩振盪電路非理想效應的改善,為了使此振盪電路能夠振盪,本論文使用一種比較法,本論文將此比較法稱為”振盪可行性比較法”。 此比較方法有下列兩點: (1)比較電路模擬圖是否比較接近能振盪之電路 (2)比較總諧波扭曲(THD) 上列兩點中,第(1)點為優先選擇,當電路模擬圖差異性不大時,以第(2)點為選擇。將所選擇之元件值作為基準值再一次作振盪可行性分析。重複進行分析與調整元件值,便可令振盪電路求得可振盪之元件值。此方法便是” 振盪可行性比較法”。 在第六章節中,我們便開始考慮他們振盪品質,振盪器中最重要的兩個數值便是振盪頻率以及總諧波扭曲(THD),在設計振盪電路時,首先便要符合它的振盪頻率,這是它的基本要求,而越好的振盪器總諧波扭曲(THD)越小,所以我們便開始提高振盪電路的品質,我們根據振盪電路中各個元件對振盪電路的敏感度來調整針盪電路的元件值,用調整元件值的方法來求得此振盪電路符合的振盪頻率以及最低的總諧波扭曲(THD)。 在第七章中,為本篇論文作一個總結與未來的展望。

關鍵字

振盪電路

並列摘要


Abstract Study it has been the goal that the circuit is being designed all the time that it is perfect how to make the circuit output the signal, whom we use often ideal circuit model in circuit design, use ideal circuit do, design, can cause, output signal deviation to some extent, so the design using the non- ideal circuit to do the circuit is the direction in which this thesis studies. In the second chapter, mainly introduce various electric current type initiative components, will introduce Nullor model at first, then introduce the second generation of current conveyors (CCII) , the third generation of current controls conveyors (CCIII) And operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA). The second generation of current controls conveyors(CCCII) , fully differential second generation current conveyors(FDCCII) The electric current type initiative component, by profit analysis and application of every chapter later on. In the third chapter, mainly introduce the adjustable initiative component, the adjustable initiative component introduced at first is Operational Transconductance Amplifier: Abbreviated as OTA, the theory of OTA is: Utilize the differential signal of the voltage input, through the internal circuit of the component, accord with the relation of proportions and amplify the input signal, changing becomes the electric current signal outputted, output the transferring to the leading value and having close relations of the proportion that the electric current amplifies and internal circuit, will direct in this chapter against the basic characteristic of OTA; Make, close the return circuit characteristic; Operate the relevance of the size of frequency and g value; And last ideal and non- ideal effect are probed into to make analysis to understand, make use of it in order to have controllability and steady circuit characteristic in conformity with the card OTA. In the fourth chapter, mainly introduce the vibration circuit that a scholar put forward in the past, CCII superior characteristic in the design, since 1975 A. M. Soliman proposes the circuit of the initiative component by one CCII. Possess a lot of advantages such as OTA and can adjust, can replace the resistance in circuit from the electric current IB of bias voltage on OTA circuit design, very suitable for the organism of the circuit. In the fifth chapter, mainly recommend Wayne to shake the improvement on non- ideal effect of the circuit, can be shaken in order to make this shake circuit, this thesis uses a comparison method. This comparative method has two the following points: (1)Whether it is relatively close to the circuit that can be shaken to compare the simulation drawing of the circuit (2)Compare THD In the above-listed two o'clock, (1) Some prior choice, when simulation drawing difference quite, (2) with as circuit Click it in order to choose. Regard component value chosen as basic value and shake feasibility analysis again. Go on, analyze and adjust component value repeatedly, can make, shake circuit try to get the component value that can be shaken. This method is to " shake the feasible comparative law ". In the sixth chapter, we begin to consider they shake quality, most important two pieces of number value are to shake frequency and THD in the oscillator, while designing and shaking the circuit, should accord with its oscillation frequency at first, this is its basic demand, and fine oscillator THD little, so we begin, improve quality to shake the circuit, according to shake circuit each component come, adjust needle component value to swing circuit to sensitivity to shake circuit we, try to get this and shake oscillation frequency and the minimum THD that circuit accords with by method to adjust component value. Among chapter seven, make first summary and the next prospect for the thesis.

並列關鍵字

oscillator

參考文獻


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[1] B. Wilson, ”Constant bandwidth voltage amplification using current conveyor,” International Journal of Electronic,.vol.65,no.5,pp.983-988,1988.
[3]M. W. Allam, and M.I. Elmasry, “Dynamic current mode logic (DyCML), a new low-power high-performance logic family, ”IEEE Proc. CICC, pp.421-424,2000.
[4] B. Wilson, ”Recent developments in current conveyors and current-mode circuits. ”IEE Proc. G,137,pp.63-77,1990.
  voltage-controlled CMOS transconductors’, IEEE Transactions

被引用紀錄


林展輝(2011)。心電圖儀中57Hz低通橢圓濾波電路設計〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840%2fcycu201100651

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