本研究以「社會認知理論」為理論基礎,探討銀髮族身體活動的決定因素,瞭解銀髮族目前身體活動的現況且找出哪些因素可促使銀髮族從事身體活動,以及探討身體活動的決定因素中,何者與身體活動的影響關係最顯著。 本研究以開放式引導問卷調查法選用「全球身體活動量表」、「自我效能量表」、「社會支持量表」與「休閒阻礙量表」,並且採便利抽樣分別在北、中、南三大都會區的公園及社區中心進行資料蒐集,回收有效問卷651份,並運用敘述性統計、因素分析法、皮爾森積差相關和多元迴歸,針對決定因素對於身體活動之影響,以及身體活動對於健康的影響。 研究結果顯示:(1)銀髮族的自我效能、社會支持與休閒時間身體活動呈正相關。(2)銀髮族的休閒阻礙與身體活動和休閒時間身體活動呈負相關。(3)身體活動可以提升銀髮族之健康狀況。由於國內目前探討休閒領域的身體活動研究與相關文獻較少,因此,本研究結果可作為政府及相關單位推廣身體活動之參考。
This study uses the “Social Cognitive Theory” as its theoretical framework. The goal of this study was to examine physical activity (PA) among older adults and to determine factors affecting their PA participation. A variety of validated scales, including 「global physical activity questionnaire; GPAQ」, 「self-efficacy scales」, 「social support scales」, 「leisure constraints scales」 was used to investigate the study aims. The convenience sampling was also be used to collect the data. Respectively, form three major metropolitan areas, including Taipei, Taichung, Kaohsiung were collected 651 valid questionnaires. Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression were used to analysis affect to determinants physical activity, and the impact of physical activity and health. The results of this study showed that:(1)The self-efficacy and social support were positively related to leisure-time physical activity among older adults. (2)Leisure constraints are negatively related to physical activity and leisure-time physical activity among older adults. (3)Physical activity promoted health among this population. The results of this study can be used as a reference for government and related agencies to promote physical activities in Taiwan.