本研究的目的是探討性騷擾防治法(以下簡稱本法)在推動、規劃、與執行三個階段間的實施過程與影響,嘗試從三個不同階段的人員了解本法的概念與機制的建構過程,包含推動立法者、中央主管機關、地方主管機關、地方性騷擾防治委員會、及地方警政婦幼隊。研究中從政策制定到執行,透過政策要素的檢視,分析本法的政策層面。從宣導、教育、申訴、調解、防治系統、性騷擾罪及處罰的幾個面向,了解本法是如何建構性騷擾防治機制,同時也針對性騷擾的理念、意義、定義、執行層面的解讀,了解這些人員對本法的概念。本研究採取的研究方法是質性研究方法,並以詮釋理論為分析策略,透過文件、文獻資料及受訪者論述資料,與研究者的先設概念,進行理解與詮釋。本研究對於本法的機制與概念的發現如下: 一、性騷擾防治法政策中的機制建構:就政策目標與規劃執行的概念依據來看,發現政策計畫具體目的無法呈現,無法提供清晰、可測量、及可處理的原則;具體且系列宣導教育目的未呈現,致使性騷擾防治機制建構的完整性不足。就權利適格規則與被服務對象的關係,申訴調查的機制決定服務對象時,有較多的爭論,其他面向在法規規範中是清楚的。就機制運作方式與其他政策要素的關係,發現專業服務型態的不明確、組織結構的專職專責性不夠、財源籌措的缺乏與不足,使得整體機制的建構出現較多的阻礙。 二、性騷擾防治法政策的概念影響:受訪者對於本法的立意皆有認同的理念,但最大的困境在定義與目標的清楚呈現,因此有兩部分較為重要,走向明確實證定義的需求較為明顯、人身保護的概念轉換的需求性。 針對研究發現,本研究建議機制層面,社政部門應更清楚地找到專業定位,增強幾個部分以協助機制建構,保護人身安全的政策目標應清楚建構、中央主管機關的方向與原則應更為清楚、地方主管機關在性騷擾防治網絡應串起更多的連結、地方主管機關應建立專職專責人員、性騷擾防治委員會應單獨設立、區域的特色及適切經驗與共識。概念層面雖非短期可以完成的,但一磚一瓦的邁進,總會形成改變的契機,因此定義的可操作性、改變傳承價值等,逐漸促使機制建構與概念建構間的拉扯找到平衡,讓本法在執行層面更能達到政策的三目標:保護人身安全、對性騷擾問題建立整體防治網絡、被害人權益確實受到保護。
The purpose of this study is to explore the impacts of the Sexual Harassment Prevention Act during its three stages of advocacy, planning and implementation, through understanding the points made by varied stakeholders of the Act like advocators, responsible officials in the central government and local authorities, members in the local Sexual Harassment Prevention Committee, and the Division of Protection for Women and Children in the Police Department. The hermeneutics of qualitative research is the basic methodology for this study. First of all, the researcher inspects the formation and legislation of the Act with essential policy elements, including ideas and values, and wider contexts for its implementation. Literature review and document analysis are applied to construct a contextual framework. To further understand the whole structure of mechanism in details, we then look into sexual harassment from different faces of guidance, education, grievance, mediation, prevention, and its accusing and punishment, with interviewing data from the stakeholders. There are two major findings of this study. First, it finds several problems in the implementing mechanism of the Act. For example, the Act’s practical objectives are not clear and measurable, leading to more disputes about the victims in the grievance system, no sufficient service capacity, no sufficient professional and responsible staff, and no sufficient financial budget. Second, two demands are highly expected by the stakeholders, a clear and recognizable definition of sexual harassment, on the one hand, and the importance of protection in the implementation of the Act, on the other. Finally, the researcher provides several policy suggestions about the improvement the Sexual Harassment Prevention Act in its future implementation.
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