海外打工旅遊者其人格特質與跨文化學習之相關研究

論文摘要本研究旨在探討海外打工旅遊者其人格特質與跨文化學習之間相關的情形，並從中了解海外打工旅遊者在個人背景因素影響下，對於跨文化學習情形之改變及不同參與者人格特質與跨文化學習之關係為何。本研究將人格特質區分為「神經質」、「外向性」、「開放性」、「親和性」以及「嚴謹性」，而跨文化學習則區分為「生活調適」、「人際互動」、「文化理解」。透過問卷調查的方式，以曾經到紐西蘭、澳洲及美國參與海外打工旅遊為研究對象，總計發出600份問卷，回收430份有效樣本，最後將相關的研究發現與結果，提供給國內政府、相關單位及個人等，作為後續改善或相關措施之參考。本研究將調查結果分析及討論後，提出以下幾點結論：一、曾經具有海外生活、旅遊、留學等經驗的海外打工旅遊者，在跨文化學習中的「生活調適」具有較佳的表現。二、選擇獨自前往參與海外打工旅遊者，在跨文化學習中的「人際互動」有較佳的表現。三、選擇結伴前往參與海外打工旅遊者，在跨文化學習中的「生活調適」有較佳的表現。四、海外打工旅遊者其英文程度越高者，其在跨文化學習「生活調適」、「人際互動」及「文化理解」有較佳的表現。五、海外打工旅遊者其人格特質中具有「高外向性」、「高開放性」、「高親和性」及「高嚴謹性」，在跨文化學習的「生活適應」、「人際互動」、「文化理解」有較佳的表現。

關鍵字

海外打工旅遊者；人格特質；跨文化學習

並列摘要

Abstract This study aimed to explore the relationship on the working holiday makers’ personality and cross-cultural learning, and to understanding about the working holiday’ makers in the work under the influence of personal background factors, the case for cross-cultural learning of change.In this study, personality is divided into “neuroticism”, “extraversion”, “openness to Experience”, “agreeableness” and “conscientiousness” and cross-cultural learning is divided into “life adjustment”, “interaction” and ”cultural understanding “. Through a questionnaire survey, take who has been to New Zealand, Australia and the United States for working holiday as the research object, total 600 questionnaire are and the valid samples.are 430.Finally,the outcomes of this study can provide the suggestions to national governments and working holiday makers. This study gets some folloeing conclusions: 1. The working holiday makers has a better performance with living abroad, traveing,studying abroadexperience in “life adjustment” in cross-sultural learning. 2. The working holiday makers who work alone to participate has a better performance in “interaction” of cross-sultural learning. 3. The working holiday makers who work together to participate has a better performance in “life adjustment” of cross-sultural learning. 4. The working holiday makerswith the higher level of English has better performance in “life adjustment”, “interaction”and “cultural understanding” of cross-sultural learning. 5. The working holiday makers who with the “high extraversion”, “high openness to experience”, “high agreeableness” and “high conscientiousness” personality in”life adjustment”, “interaction” and “cultural understanding” of cross-cultural learning has a better performane.