跨步動作對女性籃球員前十字韌帶傷害風險的影響

Risk Factors Related to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury of Female Basketball Players During Stepping Movements

曾同熙(Tung-Hsi Tseng)

指導教授 ： 李恆儒

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

跳躍落地在許多運動中是一項經常使用的技巧，常見的膝關節前十字韌帶 (ACL)傷害通常與跳躍落地及切入跨步的動作有關，其中有70%屬於非接觸性的傷害，且女性運動員受傷的比例大於男性，最高達8倍的傷害風險。運動經常屬於隨機且自然的動作，因此在非預期的情形下，能夠有快速且安全的反應是非常重要的，故本研究旨在探討跳躍落地後，在非預期的情況下施作不同的跨步動作 (側向跨步及交叉跨步)，對ACL傷害風險危險因子的評估。本研究招募12名大專甲組女性籃球員為實驗參與者，各種跨步動作及方向皆以五次成功的測試進行分析，要求受試者雙腳起跳觸碰目標物後雙腳落地，隨即施作向左或向右的跨步動作，跨步動作及方向以訊號燈隨機分派顯示。結果發現，不同跨步動作下支撐腳及跨步腳可能會得到不同ACL傷害危險因子的程度，女性籃球員在施作側向跨步動作時，支撐腳可能獲得較多的傷害風險。建議未來的研究必須著重在探討較佳的落地及跨步策略，以及落地時下肢各關節的協調性，藉以降低非接觸性ACL傷害的風險。

關鍵字

前十字韌帶 ； 傷害風險 ； 交叉跨步

並列摘要

The jump landing is an integral skill for athletes. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common injury in jump landings and step cutting movements. It is interesting to note that roughly 70% of ACL ruptures are non-contact injuries. In addition, females are eight times more likely to sustain a non-contact ACL injury than males. However, sports are often random and natural, so in unanticipated circumstances, be able to react fast and secure is very important. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical factors related to anterior cruciate ligament injury during unanticipated movements after landing and immediately applied in stepping movements (side step or crossover step). Twelve female basketball players were recruited in this study. All subjects were asked to perform five successful trials at each stepping movements after jump landing. They were asked to perform stepping movements to the right or left immediately after landing. Step direction and mode were randomly assigned by a signal light. Results of the current study showed that different step movements may result in different biomechanical factors to cause different ACL injury risk levels. The female basketball players might have higher risk of supporting leg than stepping leg when during side step maneuver. Future studies should focus on investigating the best jump landing and stepping strategy, and analyzing better ways to coordinate lower extremity joints to reduce non-contact ACL injury risks.

並列關鍵字

anterior cruciate ligament ； injury risk ； crossover step

參考文獻

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