家庭維繫服務社工人員之處遇實務探討

Social workers’ treatment practices in family preservation services

吳芝螢(Chih-Ying Wu)

指導教授 ： 沈慶盈

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/社會工作學研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究主要探討家庭維繫服務社工員之處遇實務，研究者運用質性研究方法蒐集及分析研究資料，透過一對一深度訪談的方式，總共訪談七位目前或曾經執行過家庭維繫服務的社會工作者。本研究結果包括下列四個部分：

一、家庭維繫服務社工員之價值信念與方案認知：
受訪者認為兒童虐待之所以會發生的原因很多元，除了個人因素之外，最大原因是在於社會結構面下，整個家庭系統間互動不良所造成的結果；其次，受訪者多半認同家庭是兒童最佳生長環境，唯有在兒童人身安全受到威脅時，社工員在「兒童最佳利益」與「維持家庭完整性」兩者概念下才有衝突。

二、家庭維繫服務之處遇模式要素分析：
研究結果發現受訪者在不同處遇階段所使用的理論、處遇過程中所訂定的目標策略、工作對象以及社工員的角色使用會有所不同，並非特定理論或處遇模式即可完善的協助案主需求，因此，社工以權變式的態度協助案主，呈現的是一種綜融、折衷主義式的處遇模式。

三、家庭維繫服務社會工作者之實務工作：
研究發現受訪者將家庭維繫服務工作流程分為開始、中期與結束階段，並且各階段皆有不同的處遇內容，另外，處遇過程中受訪者亦發展出與非自願家庭之處遇策略。主要影響社工員實務工作之要素，包括社工員個人層面、機構層面與關係層面。

四、家庭維繫服務之方案成效與建議：
方案成效部分，受訪者認為在個人面向、家庭面向以及社會面向皆有所成效，亦期望政府未來積極投入資源去執行該方案，建立完善社區網絡資源。

最後，本研究於文末提出討論和建議作為未來法令政策、實務面與社工教育的參考。

關鍵字

家庭維繫 ； 處遇模式 ； 兒少保護 ； 實務工作

並列摘要

This study investigates social workers’ treatment practices in family preservation services. Researchers use qualitative research method to collect and analyze research data. Using the one-on-one in-depth interview method, this study interviewed a total of 7 social workers, who are currently, or who have worked as family preservation social workers. The research results are included in the following four sections:

1. The value beliefs and case understanding of social workers in family preservation services
Interviewees think that there are many reasons why child abuse occurs. In addition to personal factors, the biggest reason is that, underneath the existing social structure, it is the result of poor interaction of the whole family system. Secondly, most of the interviewees agree that family is the best nurturing environment for children, and that only when a child's personal safety is threatened, that a social worker will have conflicting ideals between "in the best interest for the child" and "maintain family integrity".

2. Factor analysis on treatment models for family preservation services
This research found that interviewees adopted differing theories at different treatment phases, and that the goal strategies set in a treatment process, service subjects and the role a social worker plays are all different. No specific theory or treatment model can flawlessly assist in meeting the needs of a case subject. Therefore, social workers adopted a contingency attitude to assist the case subject. They present a treatment model that may be best described as generic or eclectic.

3. The work practices of social workers of family preservation service
This study found that interviewees divided the workflow for family preservation into beginning, middle and ending phases, and that each phase comprises a different treatment content. In addition, interviewees also developed a treatment strategy for working with involuntary family during a treatment process. Levels of elements that affect social workers’ work practices include individual level, institution level and relationship level.

4. Program effectiveness and recommendations for family preservation services
In terms of program effectiveness, interviewees think that it is effective in the individual aspect, family aspect and social aspect. They also expect that government will actively invest resources to implement this program and establish improved community network resources.

Lastly, this study provides discussions and makes recommendations at the end of the paper as future references for governing policies, work practices and social work education.

並列關鍵字

family preservation ； children protection ； treatment model ； practice work

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