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  • 學位論文

1962年臺灣副霍亂大流行之研究

A Study of Para-Cholera Outburst at Taiwan in 1962

指導教授 : 范燕秋
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摘要


1962年臺灣爆發了副霍亂流行,社會經濟受到了嚴重的損害,尤其是農業乃遭受了巨大的打擊。為了防止疫情的持續擴大,政府緊急實施了許多防治措施,包括針對疫區的交通管制、全面的消毒、疫苗的注射與檢疫的加強等等。 然而,副霍亂的流行與飲用水的衛生與否有直接的關係,如果要杜絕疫病再次流行,除了一般環境衛生的維護之外,飲用水衛生的改善才是最根本的解決之法。不過,飲用水衛生的改善必須要有龐大的經費支持與技術支援,所幸臺灣在美援衛生計劃的協助之下,透過美援單位與臺灣的衛生處、環境衛生實驗所的相互配合,興建了大量的衛生廁所、水井與簡易自來水設施,不僅使副霍亂不再爆發流行之外,臺灣的飲水衛生也開啟了新的里程碑,並為臺灣的環境衛生打下了穩定的基礎。

關鍵字

副霍亂 霍亂 環境衛生 水井 廁所 簡易自來水 美援

並列摘要


In 1962, para-cholera outburst in Taiwan caused serious damages on social economy, especially the agriculture suffered great. In order to prevent the epidemic keep expanding, the government urgently carried out many prevention measures, including traffic control in the epidemic area, overall disinfection, vaccine injection, and strengthen quarantine. However, the para-cholera epidemic has direct relation with the sanitation of the drinking water. To prevent the epidemic from happening again, besides maintaining normal sanitary environment, improving the hygiene of the drinking water is the fundamental solution. However, it needs enormous budget and technical support to improve the hygiene of the drinking water. Fortunately, with the aid of US sanitation plan and the corporation of the Provincial Health Department and Provincial Institute of Environmental Sanitation, Taiwan has built plenty of toilets, wells, and simple running water facilities. These actions not only stop cholera epidemic from happening again but also create a new milestone for Taiwan’s drinking water hygiene. Moreover, Taiwan has established a solid fundament in environment hygiene.

參考文獻


1.《農復會工作報告》第1~33期。
3.楊翠華,〈美援對台灣的衛生計劃與醫療體制之形塑〉,《中央研究院近代史研究所集刊》第62期,中央研究院近代史研究所,民國97年12月。
3. BBC, Historic Figures.
(一)檔案
1.〈1957度鄉村掘井工程計劃〉,中研院近史所檔案館,《經合會檔案》,檔案編號: 36-11-003-082。

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