桃園縣國中教師工作壓力與自覺身心健康之相關研究

Research of Correlation Between Teacher’s Work Stress And Perceived Well-Being Of Junior High School In Taoyuan County

林家鈺(Lin Chia-yu)

指導教授 ： 陳政友

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/健康促進與衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解桃園縣國中教師工作壓力與自覺身心健康之現況，並探討教師工作壓力與自覺身心健康的相關情形，以及在控制個人背景變項後，分析教師工作壓力對自覺身心健康的預測力。研究母群體為桃園縣國中教師，以隨機抽樣，並利用自編結構式問卷進行資料收集，共得有效問卷380份，回收率90.5％。經資料處理與統計分析，結果發現：

一、研究對象之工作壓力屬於中高程度，其中壓力較大的前兩項為工作負荷及學生行為。而女性教師有較高的工作負荷壓力，40歲以下教師有較高的個人發展壓力，導師的工作壓力高於行政或專任教師。

二、研究對象之自覺身心健康屬於中等程度，其中較差的前兩項為身體不適及焦慮反應。而女性教師有較多的身體不適感及焦慮反應，單身者有較多的焦慮反應，導師的自覺身心健康最差。

三、工作壓力能有效預測其自覺身心健康，並解釋其總變異量41.0%，在控制個人背景變項後，「身體不適」的主要預測變項為「工作負荷」及「個人發展」，「焦慮反應」的主要預測變項為「工作負荷」、「個人發展」及「人際關係」，「憂鬱反應」的主要預測變項為「個人發展」及「人際關係」，「生活適能」的主要預測變項為「個人發展」及「學生行為」，「人際互動」的主要預測變項為「個人發展」及「人際關係」。整體而言，研究對象「個人發展」、「人際關係」、「工作負荷」、「學生行為」等壓力越大，其自覺身心健康越差，其中以「個人發展」最具影響力，而「人際關係」次之。

本研究依結論提出未來建議，提供教育當局、學校或教師個人參考，藉以紓解教師工作壓力，促進教師自覺身心健康。

關鍵字

國中教師 ； 工作壓力 ； 自覺身心健康

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to understand the situations between teacher’s work stress and perceived Well-Being of junior high school in Taoyuan county. To explore the relationships between teacher’s work stress and perceived Well-Being. To analyze the predictability between teacher’s work stress and perceived Well-Being after controlling personal background variables.
The targeted group of this study mainly on Junior high School teachers in Taoyuan county which were tested by randomly sending them with the Self-edited structure questionnaires to collect data. There were 380 effective questionnaires returned. The retrieved probability was 90.5%. The major conclusions of this study were as follows:

1.Work stress of subjects were above the average. The two primary causes of work stress among subjects were workload and student’s behavior. Female teachers got higher workload stress, and teahers that below the age of 40 got higher stress from Individual development. The class leadership of junior high school teachers got higher work stress than administrators or designated teachers.

2.The perceived Well-Being of subjects reached the middle level. The following two aspects of physical discomfort and anxiety responses are the worst. Female teacher got more physical discomfort and anxiety responses. Unmarried persons got more anxiety responses. The class leadership of junior high school teachers got the worst perceived Well-Being.

3.The level of work stress can effectively predict perceived Well-Being (adjust R2 =41.0%). After controlling personal background variables, the primary predictors of physical discomfort are workload and individual development. The primary predictors of anxiety are workload, individual development and interpersonal relationship. The primary predictors of compression are individual development and interpersonal relationship. The primary predictors of life fitness are individual development and students’ behaviors. The primary predictors of personal interaction are individual development and interpersonal relationship. Over all, the higher level of subjects' stress from individual development, interpersonal relationship, workload and students’ behaviors leads to the more worse of perceived Well-Being. Individual development is the most powerful factor and interpersonal relationship is the second one.

Due to the results of this study, several suggestions have been made to the educational organizations, schools and teachers themselves to relieve work stress and promoting perceived Well-Being of teachers.

並列關鍵字

Junior High School Teachers ； Work Stress ； Perceived Well-Being

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