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  • 學位論文

國族論述下的新加坡華人聚落變遷

The Change of Singapore Chinese Settlements: A Discourse on Nationalism

指導教授 : 陳國川
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摘要


本文為了解「在區域脈絡下,新加坡政府與華人地方社群對於聚落土地書寫上,所展現出的差異與變遷」所進行的一項研究。係透過對於聚落地景、社會空間、公共空間的分析,來解析聚落變遷。 為了對夾峙於周圍的馬來西亞、印尼兩大族裔國族主義國家造成的壓迫,及國內多元族群所潛藏的國家不穩定因素作出回應,新加坡政府以倡導公民國族主義作為柔性反制。在聚落變造過程中注入國族建構的想法,新加坡政府自1960年代以來強力介入了新、舊聚落的演替過程,以大規模的現代化政府組屋取代傳統聚落景觀。新、舊聚落的變遷不僅僅是為了解決長期的嚴重屋荒問題,由於國族論述趁勢加諸於變遷之中,使得華人聚落變遷存在著一些特性。 本文的研究結果顯示:新加坡政府透過對於聚落地景、空間的清除與改造,塑造出其認為有助於國族建構的基層社會環境。藉由組屋中族群比例的調配,使得一致性的組屋地景可以成為國家身分的象徵符號。混合不同族群、社群所創造出來的社會空間,以及各項規劃新構的公共空間,都成了政府建構國族認同的一項手段。而在從事「建構」之前,對於傳統聚落的「破除」,是新加坡政府國族建構中相當重要的一個環節。華人傳統聚落地景的破除,象徵著清除了殖民時期舊有的族群、城鄉、社經差異;蘊藏在傳統聚落地景中的社會空間的打破,解構了原有的族群間,甚至是華人地方社群間的居住領域隔離現象,也消除了社會分類下的強烈地方社群意識;華人傳統聚落公共空間的消失,是聚落地景演替下的連帶結果,但重新座落在組屋區中的華人廟宇,卻又將原先遭到破除了華人地方社群空間,在廟宇所在的「異地」重新地建構起來。組屋政策雖對於傳統人際網絡、家庭成員的緊密聯繫產生了影響,但在高度國家認同的背後,新社區的人際關係卻是疏離的。

並列摘要


This study mainly looked into the differences and changes of land-writing between the Singapore government and Chinese local communities. It analyzed the transformation of settlements by means of dealing with settlement landscapes, social spaces and public spaces. The Singapore government has been intervening in the transformation of settlement with strong national attempts. In order to react to the pressure of Malaysian and Indonesian ethnic nationalism and internal multiethnic society, the Singapore government has advocated civic nationalism as a gentle response. Rewriting the land is one of her powerful means. Since 1960s, the Singapore government has greatly involved in the process of the transformation of settlements. Extensive public housing has been replacing traditional residential landscapes. The transformation of settlement not only solved problems of house shortages, there are some special characteristics within it since the national idea was poured into. This study indicated that public housing was changes of land-writing and symbols-endowing made by the government, and caused the relationship change between the land and people. As for Singapore government, the new settlement which replaced the old one was the beginning of national identity construction. But to Chinese local communities, it made some deconstructions and changes to Chinese traditional culture.

參考文獻


洪鎌德(1997)《新加坡學》。臺北:揚智文化事業股份有限公司。
Liu, Hong & Sin-Kiong Wong(劉宏、黃賢強)(2004)Singapore Chinese Society in Transition: Businese, Politics, & Socio-Economic Change, 1945-1965. New York:Peter Lang publishing inc..
Freedman, Maurice & Marjorie Topley(1994)“Religion and Social Realignment among the Chinese in Singapore,” in G. William Skinner selected and introduced, The Study of Chinese Society: Essays by Maurice Freedman. Taipei:SMC Publishing Inc.. pp. 161-185.
Tan, Tony Keng Joo & Tai-Chee Wong(2008)“Public housing in Singapore: A Sustainable Housing Form and Development,” in Tai-Chee Wong et al eds., Spatial Planning for a Sustainable Singapore. Singapore:Springer. pp. 135-150.
麥留芳(1985)《方言群認同:早期星馬華人的分類法則》,中央研究院民族學研究所專刊乙種第十四號。臺北:中央研究院民族學研究所。

被引用紀錄


許紫晴(2013)。「哈美」、「哈日」與「哈韓」?台灣主體性的反思〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201613564455

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