宋代科技教育之探究

A Study of the technology education of Sung Dynasty

陳奕維(Yi-wei Chen)

指導教授 ： 李大偉

國立臺灣師範大學/科技學院/科技應用與人力資源發展學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究目的在於探討宋代科技教育的發展情形，包含：(1) 發展的背景；(2) 蘊含的理念；(3) 教育的活動；(4) 對現代的啟示。研究方法採用歷史研究法，以既有的史料為基礎，根據過去的史實與陳述，加上歷史意義的詮釋來探究宋代科技教育。收集史料的過程中，需注意史料的真實和可靠性，最後進行邏輯性的分析，並加以客觀解釋，避免過度的推論與不必要的解釋，得到結果如下：
一、重文政策促進科技教育的發展
（一）官方鼓勵科技發明及創造。
（二）政府創辦科技專科學校。
（三）提拔重用科技人才。
二、多元化的科技教育體制構成科技人才培養的管道
（一）政府舉辦科技專科教育。
（二）持續發展職官性科技教育。
（三）私學與藝徒制的延續與發展。
（四）兒童教育中的科技教育。
（五）書院教學中的科技教育。
（六）政府推廣與普及科技知識。
三、制度與規範化管理是宋代科技教育發展進步關鍵
（一） 多元的科技教育內容。
（二） 依需求不同的課程設置。
（三） 實用取向科技教育教材。
（四） 嚴格的考核制度。
（五） 特殊的教育教學方法。
四、宋代科技教育的缺失
（一）古代的科技觀念影響。
（二）科技價值取向的因素。

關鍵字

宋代教育 ； 科技教育史

並列摘要

This research was with the aim of to inquire into the development situation of Song generation science and technology education, include: (a) The background of the development; (b) Principle of containing; (c) Educational activity; (d) To the apocalypse of modern. Study the method adoption history research method, with since some historical data for the foundation , according to the past historical fact and the statement, plus the annotation of history meaning to investigate Sung Dynasty technology education. Collect the process of historical data in, need to notice historical data of true and credibility, finally carry on logic analysis, and take into an objective explanation, avoid excessive reasoning with unnecessary explain, get result as follows:
1. The policy of valuing reading promoted the development of science and technology education:
(1) The government encouraged technology invention and creation.
(2) The government actively established technology schools.
(3) Promoted and appoint technology talented people.
2. Diversified technology education system constituted technology the talented people trains of piping:
(1) The government promoted technology specialty education.
(2) Kept on to develop professional technology education.
(3) Private learning with continuing of apprentice's system and developed.
(4) The education of child valued technology education.
(5) Technology in the academy teaching educates.
(6) Government expansion and popularization technology knowledge.
3. System and standard's turning a management was the key of progressing and developing Sung Dynasty’s technology education:
(1) Technology education content that is abundant.
(2) The all-new curriculum establishes.
(3) Practical mindset technology educated teaching material.
(4) Strictly investigate system.
(5) There was special feature of education and teaching method.
4. The imperfection of Sung Dynasty’s technology education:
(1) The idea was conservative.
(2) Inaccurate valued of technology.

並列關鍵字

Sung Dynasty’s education ； history of technology education

參考文獻

朱耀明（2004）。科技教育與教育科技之關係。生活科技教育，37（6），2-8。2007年8月30日，取自http://140.127.45.13/iter/WebPages/wp_1_81/edu.pdf

陳青之（2008）。中國教育史。北京：東方。

Hamilton, D. B. (1993). The idea of history and the history of ideas. Images: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25, 45-48.

一、中文部分

中國大百科全書總編輯委員會（1992）。中國大百科全書‧哲學。臺北：錦繡。