大學學生宿舍內人際問題及處理方式研究

The Study of Interpersonal Problems and Problems Solving of College Residential Students –Take Universities in Taipei Area for Example

王介汶

指導教授 ： 張雪梅

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/公民教育與活動領導學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究旨在了解我國大學學生宿舍內人際問題之現況，探討大學宿舍內存在的人際問題對學生的困擾程度；了解住宿生面對人際問題時的處理方式，及對處理方式效果的評價之現況；並比較不同背景變項住宿學生在人際問題、人際問題處理方式及效果評價之差異情形；最後探討宿舍內人際問題處理方式與效果評價不一致的原因。
本研究以量化研究為主，輔以焦點團體訪談。問卷內容主要分為：個人基本資料、大學學生宿舍內人際問題、大學學生宿舍內人際問題處理方式及其效果評價等三部分。研究樣本是以台北地區八所公私立一般大學住宿大學生為對象，問卷共發出800份，回收771份，有效問卷計742份。並依問卷填答結果選取自願參與學生進行焦點團體座談。本研究主要發現如下：
一、 宿舍內人際問題現況：大學住宿生對於大學學生宿舍內人際問題的困擾程度，在「沒有困擾」與「困擾較小」之間，但即便是困擾程度最小的問題，也有2.4%的學生感到困擾極大。而住宿學生對宿舍內人際問題類型的困擾程度平均得分高低排序，依次為：生活作息習慣差異、為人處事態度不同、公有資源爭奪、私有利益受損、溝通不良。
二、 大學住宿生在面對宿舍內人際問題時，最常使用的處理方式係「合作處理」，其次為「遷就忍耐處理」，最少使用「競爭攻擊處理」；而處理方式的效果評價得分高低依序為：「合作處理」、「遷就忍耐處理」、「競爭攻擊處理」。
三、 性別、年級、身分別、大學以前住宿經驗、宿舍方案參與程度、在寢室最常從事活動、同住人數等不同之住宿學生，其宿舍內人際問題有差異。
四、 性別、身分別、住宿時間長短、宿舍方案參與程度、平均一天上網時間、同住人數、室友組成方式、公共空間數量、宿舍方案舉辦等不同之住宿學生，其人際問題處理方式有差異。
五、 性別、年級、住宿時間長短、宿舍方案參與程度、平均一天上網時間、於寢室最常從事活動、同住人數、公共空間數量、宿舍方案舉辦等不同之住宿學生，其處理方式效果評價有差異。
六、 處理方式使用頻率與效果評價不一致的情形，呈現使用頻率高但效果評價低的有：「壓抑心中的憤怒或不滿，把不愉快埋藏在心裡」；「自我安慰，碰到這樣的室友，自認運氣不好」；「改變自己，盡量去適應對方」。而不一致情形呈現出使用頻率偏低、效果評價較高的處理方式為「漠視或忽略他的意見」。
本研究依研究結論，對學生、學校提出建議，以作為大學及宿舍輔導工作之參考。

關鍵字

大學學生宿舍 ； 人際問題 ； 人際問題處理方式 ； 處理方式效果評價

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to understand the present situation of the interpersonal problems in college residence halls in Taiwan, and to explore those students' degrees of being bothered by interpersonal problems; and the approaches of residential students dealing with interpersonal problems, and the present situation of evaluations of effectiveness of approaches, and to compare if they were based on different background, how it would affect residential students dealing with interpersonal problems. Finally, to explore the reasons which make approaches of interpersonal problems and the evaluation of effectiveness of approaches different.
This study is mainly based on quantitative research approach, and the focus-group interviewing as supplements. The questionnaires can be divided into three main parts: personal basic information, interpersonal problems in college residence halls, and the approaches of residential students dealing with interpersonal problems and the evaluation of effectiveness of the approaches. The objects are residential students from public and/or private universities in Taipei area, while questionnaires 771 copies from 800 copies had been sent out, and 742 copies are effective samples. Important findings were as followed:
I. The present situation of interpersonal problems in college residence halls: The bothered level of students in college residence halls is between “not botherd” and “little botherd,” but there were still 2.4% students said they feel very bothered. And to rank by averaged points of bothered levels from high to low of interpersonal problems of students in college types were ask ranked: the difference of daily routines, the difference of ways to associate with people, fighting for public resources, personal profit damages, and inefficient communications.
II. When residential college students were to deal with interpersonal problems, the most common approach is “co-operation,” the second “putting up with/tolerating,” and barely use “competition/fighting.” The points of evaluations of effectiveness of approach ranked high to low were “co-operation,” “putting up with/tolerating,” and “competition/ fighting.”
III. The situation of interpersonal problems is influenced by gender, grade, identity, the former dorm experience before college, the involvement of dorm programs, activities in dorm and the number of people living with.
IV. The approaches of interpersonal problems are influenced by gender, identity, the time period living in dorms, the involvement of dorm programs, average times a day spending on Internet, the number of people living with, the composition of roommates, the quantities of public space and holding dorm programs.
V. The evaluations of effectiveness of approaches are influenced by gender, grade, the time period living in dorms, the involvement of dorm programs, average times a day spending on Internet, activities in dorm, the numbers of people living with, the quantities of public space and the dorm programs.
VI. According to the situation of inconsistency between frequency of approaches of interpersonal problems and the evaluation of effectiveness, some were shown high rate of using but the low evaluation: “who suppress anger or dissatisfaction and hide them in mind,” “who has self-comfort: to admit bad luck to meet such roommates,” and “who changes self to adapt others.” In contrast, which shows the lower rate of using, the higher evaluation: “ignore or neglect others’ opinions.”
This study makes suggestions to students and colleges as dormitory counseling references according to the results of the research.

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