老子思想對教師形塑自身教師哲學的啟示

葉修齊(Sho-chi Yeh)

指導教授 ： 歐陽教

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究試圖探究老子思想的內涵，以及對教師形塑個人教師哲學的啟發。先從掌握中國哲學之特性作為起點，瞭解老子思想之意涵與特性，並重新去釐清及理解一些詮釋老子思想的問題，並採用王邦雄提出的「雙向圓成」的系統，將道的意涵一以貫之，作為教師修養進路指南。在教育的現場，以「師－生」與「聖王－百姓」的相似人際型態，理解「無為」概念落實在教育場域的可能，以「無」、「有」的理解可以化消教育場域中對價值的錯置與異化的問題。再從P. J. Palmer所提出的四個問題下手：「教什麼」、「為何而教」、「如何教」與「我是誰」。這四個問題的自我反問與探詢就是形塑自身教師哲學的可行歷程。當教師面對自身的雙重失落，包括內在肯認的失落和外在肯定的失落時，藉由老子的智慧能回歸自己原初的教育理想與自身的天賦特質，不失其本根而能天長地久。老子的智慧在教師形塑自身教師哲學上有著根本性的作用，成就原本教育價值的真實與學生天生本真的美好，如此方能完滿地實現教育的目的。

關鍵字

老子 ； 道 ； 無為 ； 教師哲學

並列摘要

This research aims to investigate the connotation of Lao Tzu’s thought, and enlighten teachers on molding their personal educational philosophy. To begin with, the author wants to grasp the properties of Chinese philosophy to understand the meaning and traits of Lao Tzu’s thought as well as to re-clarify and understand the problem of interpretation of Lao Tzu’s thought. Furthermore, this study applies the system of dual-direction circle formation from Wan Bang-Xiong to digest the meaning of Tao as the guidance for teachers’ further cultivation. In the educational circumstances, this paper tries to understand the possibility of carrying out the concept of “Wu-way” through the interpersonal style-like “Teacher-Student” and “Saint-People”. The problem of misplacement and alienation of value in educational circumstances could be solved by the comprehension of “Wu” and “Yo”. This paper continued by the four questions claimed by P. J. Palmer: “what to teach”, “why to teach”, “how to teach”, and “who am I”; moreover, the self-reply and exploration of the four questions are the feasible ways for molding teacher’s educational philosophy. When teachers encounter dual frustrations of themselves, including inner and outer recognition, they can return to their original educational ideal and talent to keep the foundation and last forever. Lao Tzu’s wisdom has the fundamental effect on molding teachers’ educational philosophy to accomplish the truthfulness of educational value and the natural goodness of students; therefore, the educational purpose could be fulfilled perfectly.

並列關鍵字

Lao Tzu ； Tao ； Wu-way ； teachers’ educational philosophy

參考文獻

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劉笑敢（2005）。老子。台北：東大。

王邦雄（2006）。老子的哲學。台北：東大。

林安梧（2001）。中國宗教與意義治療。台北：明文。

袁保新（1991）。老子哲學之詮釋與重建。台北：文津。