健康信念模式應用於大學生隱形眼鏡保健行為及相關因素研究－以國立臺灣師範大學為例

Health Belief Model applied to college students and related factors in contact lens care behaviors - A Case Study of National Taiwan Normal University

陳雅文(CHEN YA WEN)

指導教授 ： 陳政友

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/健康促進與衛生教育學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究旨在應用健康信念模式探討國立臺灣師範大學大學生隱形眼鏡保健行為及相關因素。以國立臺灣師範大學大學生為母群體，採分層集束抽樣法，並以自編結構式問卷進行資料收集，共得有效樣本393份。本研究結論及建議如下：
一、研究對象「自覺不當隱形眼鏡保健行為導致眼病威脅性」偏高，其中「自覺不當隱形眼鏡保健行為導致眼病罹患性」偏向「可能」，而「自覺不當隱形眼鏡保健行為導致眼病嚴重性」則屬於「嚴重」程度。整體而言，研究對象有視力問題、有配戴隱形眼鏡、隱形眼鏡保健知識越高、隱形眼鏡保健態度越正向、隱形眼鏡保健行為越多者，其自覺不當隱形眼鏡保健行為導致眼病的威脅性越高。
二、研究對象「自覺隱形眼鏡保健行為可能性」得分為「正數」，表示研究對象認為執行隱形眼鏡保健行為之「利益」大於「障礙」，但得分偏低。其中對「隱形眼鏡保健行為有效性」較傾向「同意」，而在「隱形眼鏡保健行為障礙性」則較傾向「中立意見」。整體而言，研究對象中有配戴隱形眼鏡、隱形眼鏡保健知識越高、隱形眼鏡保健態度越正向、隱形眼鏡保健行動線索越多，及其中的內外部線索越多、隱形眼鏡保健行為越多者，其自覺隱形眼鏡保健行為的可能性越高。
三、研究對象「隱形眼鏡保健行動線索」偏低，其中外部線索以「自隱形眼鏡商家得到隱形眼鏡保健資訊」最多，而「從學校修得的保健課程中得到隱形眼鏡保健資訊。」、「從保健相關演講中得到隱形眼鏡保健資訊。」較少；內部線索中有配戴隱形眼鏡者「因配戴隱形眼鏡之不當保健行為而造成眼睛不適」者約占八成。整體而言，研究對象為女生、有視力問題、有配戴隱形眼鏡、隱形眼鏡保健知識越高、自覺隱形眼鏡保健行為的可能性越高（尤其是自覺隱形眼鏡保健行為的障礙性越低）及隱形眼鏡保健行動線索越多，其獲取隱形眼鏡保健的行動線索越多。
四、研究對象採取隱形眼鏡保健行為傾向「可能」。由「基本變項」、「隱形眼鏡保健健康信念」及「隱形眼鏡保健行動線索」來預測研究對象「隱形眼鏡保健行為」時，可解釋總變異量的27.0％。整體而言，研究對象中沒有視力上的問題者、沒有配戴隱形眼鏡者、隱形眼鏡保健知識越高者、隱形眼鏡保健態度越正向者、自覺不當隱形眼鏡保健行為導致眼病的威脅性越高者（其中自覺不當隱形眼鏡保健行為導致眼病的罹患性越高者、自覺不當隱形眼鏡保健行為導致眼病的嚴重性越嚴重者）、自覺隱形眼鏡保健行為的可能性越高者則越會採取隱形眼鏡保健行為，其中以「自覺不當隱形眼鏡保健行為導致眼病威脅性」最具影響力。
本研究依結論提出未來進行隱形眼鏡保健行為衛生教育介入之建議與改進方針，提高研究對象隱形眼鏡保健行為，以緩解或避免因不當隱形眼鏡保健行為所導致的眼病。

關鍵字

健康信念模式 ； 隱形眼鏡保健行為

並列摘要

This study was to apply the Health Belief Model, National Taiwan Normal University Students contact lens care behaviors and related factors. National Taiwan Normal University Students for population, using stratified cluster sampling method, and to structured questionnaire to collect data, a total of 393 valid samples were obtained. In this study, conclusions and recommendations are as follows:
1. Study "perceived improper contact lens care behaviors lead to eye disease threat," the high side, which "conscious acts of improper contact lens care lead to eye disease susceptibility," bias "may" and "conscious acts of improper contact lens care lead to eye disease severity "however, are" serious "level. Overall, the study had vision problems, have to wear contact lenses, contact lenses higher health knowledge, more positive attitude toward contact lens care, contact lens care behaviors more persons, their behavior consciously improper contact lens care result in eye The higher the threat.
2. Study "the possibility of conscious behavior of contact lens care," score "positive", said the study that the implementation of the contact lens care behavior, "interest" than "obstacles", but the score was low. One of the "effectiveness of contact lens care behaviors," inclined to "agree" and in "behavioral disorder of contact lens care" is more inclined to "neutral." Overall, the study has to wear contact lenses, contact lenses higher health knowledge, more positive attitude toward contact lens care, contact lens care operations more clues, and in the more internal and external cues, the more contact lens care behaviors many who perceived their contact lenses the higher the likelihood of health behavior.
3. Study, "contact lens care cues to action" low, in which external cues to "get business from the contact lens contact lens care information," the most, while "from the school health curriculum was revised to get contact lenses health information.", "From the health-related speech by contact lens care information. "less; internal clues in those who wear contact lenses," due to improper contact lens care behaviors caused by eye irritation, "are about Bacheng. Overall, the study for the girls, have vision problems, have to wear contact lenses, contact lens care knowledge and higher consciousness the higher the possibility of contact lens care behaviors (especially conscious of contact lens care behavior of the lower barrier) and contact lens care more cues to action, its contact lens care operations for more clues.
4. Study of health behavior tendency to take contact lenses "may." From "basic variables", "contact lens care health belief" and "contact lens care cues to action" to predict subjects "contact lens care behaviors", the total variance explained 27.0%. Overall, the study did not sight the issue of who did not wear contact lenses, contact lenses higher the health knowledge, more positive attitude of those who contact lens care, contact lens care consciously improper conduct leading to the threat of eye disease The higher (which lead to conscious acts of improper contact lens care of the higher risk of eye disease who consciously improper contact lens care behaviors lead to more severe cases, the severity of eye disease), perceived higher likelihood of contact lens care behaviors were then Vietnam will take contact lens care behaviors, which the "conscious acts of improper contact lens care lead to eye disease threat," the most influential.
The research proposed future acts of contact lens care recommendations for educational intervention and health improvement approach to improve health behavior study contact lenses to alleviate or avoid inappropriate behavior caused by contact lens eye health.

並列關鍵字

Health Belief Model ； contact lens care behaviors

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