本研究之目的為了解獨木舟運動發展歷程,與獨木舟運動發展之阻礙與助力。研究中,從運動團體、政府、經濟發展、文化的角度來論述與獨木舟運動發展之關係,並分析內外力量其相互影響之過程。本研究以文獻分析法與訪談法,從報紙資料整理出獨木舟發展之架構,並訪談七位國內資深獨木舟運動推動者。研究結果發現獨木舟運動發展可分為三個階段:第一個時期為萌芽期(1975~1988)、第二個時期為紮根期(1989~1999)、第三個時期為多元發展期(2000~2010)。在萌芽期間,政治戒嚴,臺灣經濟剛起步,獨木舟推廣團體在欠缺師資與裝備下,獨木舟推廣至1988年底為止,仍為少數同好的休閒運動;在紮根期間,除了政治解嚴與經濟快速成長外,輕艇協會的成立替競技輕艇的發展打下根基,獨木舟俱樂部也發展出完整的教學系統,並從國外進口獨木舟器材,培育出許多獨木舟人才;在多元發展期間,經濟的平穩發展帶動休閒風氣,政府也開始因應潮流制定相關政策,整體的社會經濟環境改善,而獨木舟推廣團體除了數量增加外,更用協會方式發展,以組織化方式配合政府舉辦活動,讓越來越多的大眾有機會接觸獨木舟運動。整體來說,獨木舟未來要成為普及化的大眾休閒運動仍有一段路要走,主政者要如何深入地轉變社會結構,尤其在經濟發展、法規制定、教育政策和管理上,如何去改善整體的素質,訂定出有效又合理的方案,並結合獨木舟推廣團體來執行,獨木舟運動在未來方可能成為普及化的水域休閒運動。
The purpose of study is to research the factors of obstruction and the keys of improvement in Taiwan Kayak/Canoe Sport and to analyze the possibility of popularization in Taiwan Kayak/Canoe Sport in the future. Under discussing the theories and some aquatic sport studies, the study methods took literature review and semi-structured interview. Literature review primarily used newspaper resource as data, constructed the progress of Taiwan kayak/canoe development background with 7 specialists of Taiwan Kayak/Canoe interviewed. The results oriented to three different periods: germinating period, rooting period, multiple developing period. In 1st period, coastline sealed, economy was low in Taiwan. There was only one Kayak/Canoe club promoting Kayak/Canoe sport. In 2nd period, there were more clubs established. Also, the laws and decrees released, allowed kayak/canoe equipments imported. But lacks aquatic knowledge still made some people in Taiwan had obstruction to aquatic sport. In 3rd period, many associations established. The economy grew steady, the government started more and more policies for aquatic sport in Taiwan, which made whole environment was alright for Kayak/Canoe development. But some local laws bend and restricted aquatic sport area. In Taiwan, Kayak/Canoe is still a long way to be a popular leisure sport. The government needs to make the whole environment improving, which includes the economy、the policy、the management, and with Kayak/Canoe association working better. Kayak/Canoe may be a popular leisure sport in the future.
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