臺灣成年女性身體活動程度與骨礦密度之橫斷性研究

The Cross Sectional Study Between the Level of Physical Activity And Bone Mineral Density In Taiwan Mature Women

張家甄

指導教授 ： 謝伸裕 ； 衛沛文

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/運動科學研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

臺灣為人口老化的國家，女性於更年期後將面臨雌激素驟減而衍生「骨質疏鬆症」的健康問題。透過規律運動，尤其是撞擊性運動，有助於改善骨礦密度，就是非運動型式（日常生活的身體活動）對於坐式生活的女性也有維持骨礦密度的作用。目的：探討我國成年女性身體活動盛行率，瞭解其活動型式及總量，以及對骨質健康的影響。方法：使用「2005–2008國民營養健康狀況變遷調查」的全國性資料，合適樣本為295位19–64歲女性，以體檢資料中的雙能量X光吸收儀測量之骨礦密度值作為依變項，並控制其他影響因子，作身體活動量與骨礦密度的相關及迴歸分析。結果：女性最常從事的日常身體活動型式為家務性及步行/跑步或騎腳踏車的休閒性身體活動。影響停經前女性骨礦密度的主要因子為BMI及懷孕生產數，停經後女性則為BMI與停經年數。在調整其他相關影響因子後，球類性運動能顯著影響停經前女性全身及髖部骨礦密度，家務性身體活動則對停經後女性腰椎及全股骨骨礦密度有正向助益。結論：適當的日常身體活動確實可使骨礦密度維持較佳的狀況，為免於骨質疏鬆症的威脅，建議台灣成年女性應攝取足夠營養素，選擇對骨質健康較有效益的身體活動型式或達到相當的運動量及持續時間，來減緩骨質流失的情形，避免骨質疏鬆症，達到健康生活品質。

關鍵字

代謝當量 ； 骨質流失 ； NAHSIT ； DXA

並列摘要

Taiwan has become the aging countries in the world. Women has to face the estrogen level declined cause to bone health consequences which known as osteoporosis during the menopause. Regular exercise, especially impact type exercise can significantly enhance Bone Mineral Density (BMD). However, non- leisure time physical activities (daily living activity) can also have an effect for maintaining adequate bone mineral density for Women who were sedentary lifestyle. Purpose: Critically investigate the prevalence of physical activities for the Taiwanese women, in regard with Type, total volume and to observe whether it has a direct influence on Bone Mineral Health which ultimately advocates the importance of Physical activity for the Taiwanese women. Method: Adopt the information from the [2005 – 2008 National and Health survey] in Taiwan as a major source of evaluation. There were 295 subjects between 19 to 64 years old women using the BMD values from the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a dependent variable. After controlling other related variables, we adopt the values from the PA and BMD for correlation analysis and linear regression. Result: Women, in majority, tend to engage in physical activities type such as housework, walking, running or cycling. Bone mineral density was attributed to BMI as the major impact factor in pre-menopausal women, as for postmenopausal women was the BMI and year since menopause. When adjusting for other confounding variables, participating in ball game exercise can significantly affect the total body BMD and hip BMD, and those who were participating in housework physical activities has the positive impact for Lumbar BMD and total hip BMD in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: Adequate amount of Daily Physical Activities can surely preserve the BMD to the best condition and in order to prevent the threat from Osteoporosis, suggesting that Taiwan women need to have adequate amount of nutrition intake, selecting physical activities type that are beneficial to BMD or achieving adequate amount and duration of physical activity to prevent bone mineral deficiency, avoid the threat from chronic disease and achieve better quality of life.

並列關鍵字

metabolic equivalent ； bone loss ； NAHSIT ； DXA

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