影響未婚單身教師婚姻價值之因素

The Impact Factors of Unmarried Single Teachers’ Marital Values

藍淑珍(Shu-Chen Lan)

指導教授 ： 周麗端

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/人類發展與家庭學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究主要探討未婚單身教師個人變項（性別、年齡、異性交往情形、性別平等課程或研習參與經驗、婚姻與家庭課程或研習參與經驗）、社會學習變項（性別角色態度、同儕影響）、家庭變項（父母婚姻和諧度、親子關係）與婚姻價值之關係，以40歲以下且未曾有過合法婚配行為的未婚單身教師為研究對象，採方便取樣方式進行問卷調查，有效樣本共計619份，所使用問卷包含婚姻價值之「婚姻酬賞量表」、婚姻價值之「婚姻成本量表」、「個人基本資料」三個部分。調查所得資料，以SPSS 19.0版進行處理分析，以描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關分析、多元階層迴歸分析等統計方法處理。分析結果如下：
一、未婚單身教師之不同個人變項、社會學習變項、家庭變項，其婚姻價值有顯著差異、顯著相關。
（一）個人變項
1、男性比起女性持較高的婚姻酬賞認同，女性則較男性持較高的婚姻成本認同。
2、年齡越大，婚姻酬賞認同度越低，婚姻成本認同度越高。
3、目前有固定交往的男女朋友者較曾交往過但目前並無男女朋友者和從未交往過男女朋友者較認同婚姻酬賞及較不認同婚姻成本。
4、選修過性別平等課程者比未選修過者較認同婚姻酬賞。
5、參加過性別平等研習者比未參加過者認同部份婚姻酬賞和婚姻成本整體面向。
6、選修過婚姻與家庭課程者比未選修過者認同婚姻酬賞。
7、參加過婚姻與家庭研習者比未參加過者認同婚姻酬賞。
（二）社會學習變項
1、性別角色態度越刻板者，越同意婚姻兼具有酬賞與成本。
2、同儕越常在言語中透露認同婚姻者，越認同婚姻酬賞，越不認同婚姻成本。
（三）家庭變項
1、父母婚姻越和諧者，對婚姻酬賞認同越高，對婚姻成本認同越低。
2、親子關係越良好者，越認同婚姻酬賞，越不認同婚姻成本。
二、影響婚姻價值之因素包括性別、年齡、異性交往情形、性別平等課程與研習、性別角色態度、同儕影響、親子關係

（一）影響婚姻酬賞的主要因素包括年齡、異性交往情形、性別平等研習、性別角色態度、同儕影響、親子關係。
（二）影響婚姻成本的主要因素包括性別、年齡、異性交往情形、性別平等課程與研習、性別角色態度、親子關係。
本研究最後依據研究結果分針對未婚男女、課程實施、未來研究提出建議。

關鍵字

未婚單身教師 ； 婚姻價值

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the correlation between unmarried single teachers’ marital values and individual factors (such as gender, age, heterosexual relationship status, the experiences of attending or participating in gender equity courses/workshops and marital or family classes/workshops) , social-learning factors (such as gender attitude, peers’ influence) and family factors (parental marital harmony, parent- children relationship) . Samples were collected from convenient sampling responded by unmarried single teachers who were under 40 years old and have not legally married before. The instruments used for data collection and analysis included marriage rewards scale, marriage costs scale and demographic information. 619 eligible questionnaires in total were assembled. All statistics were computed by the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 19.0 version. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA), Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple hierarchical regression analysis were utilized to evaluate and analyze the factors above. The results indicated as follow:
First: there are significantly different and correlation between unmarried single teachers’ individual factors, social-learning factors and family factors.
1. individual factors
(1) Males tend to recognize and possess more perception of marriage rewards and females tend to recognize more perception of marriage costs.
(2) When one gets older, he/she tends to recognize the concept of marriage rewards more than the concept of marriage costs.
(3) Compared with the people who have ever made heterosexual relationship but do not associate fixed heterosexual people in current stage and the people who have not made heterosexual relationship, the people who currently associate with fixed heterosexual relationship are tending to recognize marriage rewards instead of marriage costs.
(4) The people who used to attend the gender equity courses are tending to recognize marriage rewards more than the people who have never attended this kind of courses.
(5) The people who used to participate in the gender equity workshops are tending to recognize some items in marriage rewards criteria and whole items in marriage costs criteria more than the people who have never participated in this kind of workshops.
(6) The people who used to attend the marital and family classes are tending to recognize marriage rewards more than the people who have never attended this kind of classes.
(7) The people who used to participate in the marital and family workshops are tending to recognize some marriage rewards more than the people who have never participated in this kind of workshops.
2. social-learning factors
(1) The people who possess more rigid gender attitude are tending to agree that marriage contains both rewards and costs.
(2) People are tending to recognize marriage rewards instead of marriage costs if their peers reveal their recognitions towards marriage frequently.
3. family factors
(1) People are tending to recognize marriage rewards instead of marriage costs if their parents’ marriages are more harmonious.
(2) People who have better parent- children relationships are tending to recognize marriage rewards instead of marriage costs.
Second: the impact factors of marital values include gender, age, heterosexual relationship status, the experiences of attending or participating in gender equity courses/workshops, gender attitude, peers’ influence and parent- children relationship.
1. Age, heterosexual relationship status, gender equity workshops, gender attitude, peer’ s influences and the relationship between parents and children are all factors which influence the recognition of marriage rewards.
2. Factors including gender, age, heterosexual relationship status, gender equity courses and workshops, gender attitude and the relationship between parents and children would influence the recognition of marriage costs.
At the end, the researcher also gives suggestions to the unmarried group, the content design of marital and family courses and to the future researchers based on the results of the study.

並列關鍵字

Unmarried single teachers ； Marital value

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