焦慮性未定向之生涯個案在精神分析取向治療之歷程探究

An process research of the career indecisiveness clients in the psychoanalytic psychotherapy

吳麗琴(Li-Chin Wu)

指導教授 ： 金樹人

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育心理與輔導學系/博士(2012年)

摘要

本研究目的在於探討焦慮性未定向之生涯個案接受精神分析取向治療之歷程。本研究採用現象學研究法作為資料蒐集與分析的依據，共有三位個案接受每周一次、總計二十次治療，研究資料來源為六十次全程錄音逐字稿。
本研究獲得三個主要的研究結果：(1)焦慮未定向成因和潛意識慾望與衝動有關，個案用頻繁轉換工作解決內心無法面對的衝突，症狀是人格各部份相互協商之下的妥協產物；(2)治療的目標主要為幫助個案從外在現實轉回精神現實，思考其行動解決了甚麼心理衝突。治療者運用此時此刻發生的移情素材，指出其阻抗與防衛機轉，並詮釋與聯結個案的工作問題和其他生活面向具有相同的象徵意義；(3)個案在治療中的變化與自我功能相關，精神官能症個案較能克服阻抗，建立正向的移情關係，並思考治療者的介入；而心智狀態傾向精神病或人我不分者，較困難修通負向移情，進展相對緩慢。
本研究的主要結論：精神分析取向治療將生涯焦慮未定向視為臨床症狀，透過反覆移情詮釋與修通防衛阻抗，可協助個案思考未定向的心理意義，並覺察症狀的早年來源與潛意識衝突。本研究於文末說明研究的限制，並提出未來在研究方向與實務工作上之建議。

關鍵字

焦慮性未定向 ； 精神分析 ； 歷程研究

並列摘要

The aim of this research is to examine the psychoanalytic process of clients with career indecisiveness. Phenomenological method is used as an analytic tool after information gathered. There are 3 clients participant the study. They all finished 20 weekly sessions. The transcription of sessions is gathered for analysis.
There are three main results. First, the cause of career indecisiveness is related to the unconscious desires and impulse. Clients change their jobs frequently to resolve their inner conflict. The symptom is a compromise from different parts of self. Second, the goal of treatment is to help patient shift their attention from environment reality to inner reality and realize that acting out is no use to resolve inner conflict. Therapist use transference occurred here-and-now as material to point out clients’ resistant and defensive mechanism. And correlate their occupational difficulties with other life difficulties. Third, the progress of clients is correlated to their ego function. The neurotic clients have better ability to overcome the resistance, build positive therapeutic alliance and to think the interpretation by therapist. In the other hand, the clients with psychotic mind is difficult to work through their negative transference and had a slower progress.
Here below is the conclusion of this study. Psychoanalytical psychotherapy considers career indecisiveness as a clinical symptom. By repeat interpretation of transference and work through defensive resistance, clients could realize the psychological meanings of indecisiveness, early root of symptoms and their unconscious wish and conflicts. The limit of the study and suggestions for clinical application and further research is listed.

並列關鍵字

career indecisiveness ； psychoanalysis ； process research

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