以素食和運動為主的生活型態改變對成年人心血管疾病危險因子影響之探討

Effects of Vegan Diet and Exercise-Based Lifestyle on the CVD Risk Factors of Adults

吳映卿(Ying-Ching Wu)

指導教授 ： 吳文惠

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/人類發展與家庭學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

改變飲食及運動等生活型態以改善或促進健康的預防醫學蔚為風潮。本研究目的探討以新起點（NEWSTART）素食和運動為主的生活型態介入對傳統心血管疾病危險因子：空腹血糖、血壓、總膽固醇(TC)、三酸甘油酯(TG)高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、TC/ HDL-C；及新的獨立危險因子：高敏感性C反應蛋白( high sensitivity C-reactive protein, hsCRP)，同半胱胺酸（Homocysteine﹐Hcy）的影響及成效評估。採立意取樣共收個案86位，以參加新起點（NEWSTART）13 天計畫的學員59位為實驗組平均年齡57.46±10.69歲，另招募沒有參加新起點的27位男女為對照組，平均年齡51.9±7.8歲；收集基本資料、生活型態史、飲食與運動強度評估、血液生化值等資料。實驗組實驗前、後比較，不論是全體、或男性組、女性組的BMI、血壓、空腹血糖、TG及TC等血脂值顯著下降，而BMI下降差值與TG呈正相關；HDL-C、hsCRP在全體及女性組呈顯著下降；Hcy濃度在男性組上升呈顯著差異。將實驗組依危險程度分高危險組、低危險組，NEWSTART介入後高危險組的血糖、低危險組的LDL-C、hsCRP呈顯著下降。將實驗組依熱量攝取與計畫相較，分偏少、正常、偏多3組，與實驗前比較，血壓、hsCRP下降僅在偏少組顯著；將實驗組依運動強度分中強度組、低強度2組，中強度組hsCRP下降較顯著；將實驗組依大於或小於50歲分2組，小於50歲組的血壓、LDL-C下降幅度大，大於50歲組Hcy濃度顯著較多。介入後與對照組比較，男性組的BMI，全體或男性組的收縮壓、舒張壓，血糖，全體的TG 、LDL-C，全體或女性組的TC、HDL-C均顯著低於對照組；但Hcy濃度在全體及女性組顯著上升。總結上述結果，以素食和運動為主的生活型態對心血管疾病的預防應有所裨益，但Hcy的上升需進一步研究。
關鍵詞：新起點、全素食、心血管疾病、運動強度、同半胱胺酸、
高敏感性C反應蛋白

關鍵字

新起點 ； 全素食 ； 運動強度 ； 心血管疾病 ； 同半胱胺酸 ； 高敏感性C反應蛋白

並列摘要

Abstract
Lifestyle changes have been a recent trend in preventive medicine for health improvement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of “NEWSTART” intervention including vegan diet and exercises on the traditional and new risk factors of coronary artery disease. A total of 86 subjects participated in this study by purposive sampling model. The experimental group consisted of 59 participants in a 13-day NEWSTART program and was 57.5±10.7 years old, whereas the control group included 27 healthy subjects and was 51.9±7.9 years old. The general information, and blood biochemical markers of all subjects were collected before and after the program. At the end of the NEWSTART program, BMI, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were significantly decreased in whole group, and male or female subgroups. The degrees of decreased BMI were positively correlated with that of TG. HDL-C and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were significantly decreased in whole group and female subgroup; concentration of Homocysteine (Hcy) was significantly increased in male subgroup. When the experimental subjects were categorized by risk factors, the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) decreased only in high-risk subgroup, and LDL-C、hsCRP decreased only in low-risk subgroup. When the experimental subjects were categorized by caloric intakes, blood pressure and hsCRP were significantly decreased only in subgroup with calorie intake less than the planned amount. When the experimental subjects were categorized by exercise intensity, diastolic pressure, and hsCRP decreased only in subgroup with higher intensity exercise. When the experimental subjects were categorized by age, the decreases in diastolic pressure and LDL-C were larger and the increase in Hcy was smaller in subjects under 50’s than over 50 years old. When compare with control group, the BMI in males of experimental group, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, blood sugar, and TG in experimental group and its male subgroup, TC and HDL-C in experimental group and its female subgroup, were significantly decreased. However, concentration of Hcy was significantly increased in experimental group and its female subgroup. In conclusion, a lifestyle with vegan diet and exercise is crucial for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, the elevated level of Hcy needs further investigation.

Key words：NEWSTART、Vegan Diet、exercise intensity、cardiovascular disease(CVD)、high Sensitivity C-reactive Protein（hsCRP）、Homocysteine（Hcy）

並列關鍵字

NEWSTART ； Vegan Die ； exercise intensity ； CVD ； high Sensitivity C-reactive Protein（hsCRP） ； Homocysteine（Hcy）