中共和平發展思維下軍事發展戰略之研究

The Research on P.R.C.'s Military Development Strategy under Peaceful Development Concept

吳政霖(Wu Cheng Lin)

指導教授 ： 黃城　博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/政治學研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

本文所探討的議題是中國大陸自從2003年起提出「和平崛起」論述後所成形的「和平發展」思維下的軍事發展戰略，檢視的時間自2003年至2006年，透過蒐集其官方施政及國內外相關報導資料之方式，將相關論述加以分類歸納，進一步瞭解「和平發展」思維對其「軍事發展」影響及執行情形，以求能正確詮釋其「和平發展」內容及瞭解其在軍事發展上之推行情況與阻礙。
本文嘗試藉由國家發展理論的角度，僅就其軍事發展方面觀察，探究中共面對國際間競爭合作環境，在無法超越現實主義權力平衡框架限制下，試圖歸納依據「和平發展」論述，中共應採取何種軍事發展走向之內涵及限制。輔以與美國、日本等歷來有崛起經驗之大國與之比照，並透過歸納中共和平發展的論述與其現行軍事發展之狀況，從其國防政策、軍費預算、軍事科技等三個面向觀察找出其與美、日等崛起大國過程上有何異同之處。
本研究依照其異同之歸納整理類別，本文觀察到：一、中國大陸和平發展主要論述的提出是為了讓自身迅速崛起，減少或避免崛起的過程中國際大國及周邊鄰國因受到其崛起的預期威脅所採取的種種制衡及阻礙作為；二、中共要推動和平崛起會遭遇的障礙，除了國際間各國的反制作為，其國內政治、經濟及社會能否隨之適應快速崛起的變遷、自然資源及能源的供給能否供應無虞皆為其要面對的挑戰。三、本研究亦觀察到除了中共軍事發展之「硬實力」需要密切關注之外，其因「和平發展」思維所推展之文化、外交等方面之「軟權力」滲透全球，發揮影響力的情形亦應加以重視。

關鍵字

國家發展 ； 軍事戰略 ； 和平崛起 ； 和平發展

並列摘要

In this research we content discussed the military development strategy under “peaceful development” concept proposed by P.R.C. after the argument “peaceful rising” was formed since 2003. The research time was from 2003 to 2006. Through collecting and examining P.R.C.’s official, local, and international reports and data regarding its policies, related arguments were sorted and induced to further probe into how the “peaceful development” concept influenced its military development and administration. The research was conducted to accurately interpret the content of “peaceful development” and the conditions and obstacles it met on its way to implementation.
In the light of the national development theory, the research placed its emphasis on military development aspect. According to the”peaceful development” concept, the researcher tried to induce how P.R.C. should set its military development policy and limitations when the limitations of realism power balance framework could not be broken, and the international cooperative and competitive environment was to be faced. Through inducing the “peaceful development” concept and current military development condition, the process was compared with those of superpower countries such as America and Japan to locate differences and similarities.
The research indicated that: a. the argument “peaceful development” was proposed to ensure its rapid rise, and to reduce or avoid possible impediments from neighboring countries due to sensing foreseen threats. b. Apart from possible impediments outside the country, it was also vital to know if the political and economical situation could adjust itself well, and the supply of natural resources and energy would lead to more challenges. c. The research also indicated that the soft power (i.e. cultural and diplomatic) from its peaceful development concept deserved no less attention than the hard power (i.e. military development) of P.R.C.

並列關鍵字

National Development ； Military Strategy ； Peaceful Rising ； Peaceful Development

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