本研究的理論基礎建立在三個主要的內容:一是回顧科學態度的研究,得知科學態度與科學學習成就有相當高的正相關;二是釐出倫理學中的各項倫理主張,並將這些倫理主張與科學態度的各項內涵比較,並透過專家評判二者之間的關係;三亦經由專家評判結果,顯示道德判斷能力與倫理傾向的相依關係。 因此,本研究利用道德判斷能力測驗的實施,並透過各種變項的操弄,探討工專二年級男性學生,在道德判斷能力與科學學習成績之相關。施測結果發現:科學學習成績高分組的學生雖有階段六的高道德傾向,但亦有階段四的中層次道德傾向,而低分組的學生雖多集中於階段二的低層次傾向,但亦有部分學生散佈於中層次道德,至於中分組則大致分佈均勻,散見於低、中、高等各層次的道德判斷能力。 依此,本研究推論科學學習成績與倫理傾向的關係:科學成績高分組的學生較傾向於規範論、效益論、與德行論;中分組則傾向於自然論、德行論、先天論、與規範論;低分組的學生傾向於直覺論、利己論、與快樂論。 綜合本研究對工專二年級男性學生在道德判斷能力、倫理傾向與其科學學習成績的相關性研究,可知倫理傾向與科學學習成績有關。
This research has three foundations. At first, there is high correlativity between scientific attitude and achievement of sciential learning from the studies based beforetime scientific attitude. Secondly, to classify the ethical views, and compare with the contents of scientific attitude from professional jury. Thirdly, to find the relationship between moral judgment and ethical tendency from professional jury. Therefore, this research studies the relationship between moral judgment and achievement of sciential learning among the students in junior college. Study results show: the students who have high achievement of sciential learning tend on the moral judgment of sixth and fourth stage; the students who have low achievement of sciential learning tend on the moral judgment of second stage; the students who have middle achievement of sciential learning tend on the moral judgment of all over stages. To infer the relationship between ethical tendency and achievement of sciential learning among the students in junior college. We know: the students with high achievement of sciential learning tend normative theory, utilitarianism, and aretaics; the students with middle achievement of sciential learning tend naturalism, aretaics, apriorism, and normative theory; the students with low achievement of sciential learning tend intuitionalism, egoism, and hedonism. To sum up, this research displays the correlativity between achievement of sciential learning and ethical tendency.